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Raised Bed Furrow Irrigation for Wheat and Boro Rice Cultivation in Shallow Tubewell Irrigation Project

M N Hassan
Senior Agril. Engr.
lrrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-l2I0.

M A Khair
Professor
Irrigation and Water Management Department, BAU, Mymensing.

A F M Saleh
Professor
Institute of Water and Flood Management, BUET, Dhaka.

L R Khan
Professor
Irrigation and Water Management Department, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to assess the irrigation effectiveness and optimum size of bed widths for wheat and Boro rice cultivation at Thakurgaon in 2003-04 and 2004-05.Three bed widths (40. 60 and 80 cm) having 30 cm furrow width were compared with farmers' practice. The highest yields of 3.36 and 3.3:1 t/ha for wheat were obtained from 40 cm bed width plot in both the years. About 25% water was saved by this practice over the farmers' fIat bed. The highest net return (Tk 24,517 and 20.844) and benefit-cost-ratios were obtained from 40 cm bed in both the years. Thus 40 cm bed with 10 cm wide furrow seemed to be suitable for obtaining high wheat yield. The highest yields of 6.60 and 6.73 t/ha of Boro rice were obtained from fIat bed (conventional system) in both the years. Although about 6 and 12% water were saved by 40 cm bed width plot over the farmers' flat bed. The highest net return (Tk 22.404 and 23,890) and BCR (1.93 and 1.94) were obtained from farmers flat bed in both the years. Thus farmers' flat bed is more suitable to produce rice than raised beds.

Keywords: Raised bed, Irrigation, Wheat, Rice

Location: Thakurgaon distric

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Irrigation scheduling

Objectives:

To estimate water requirement of wheat and boro rice under different bed systems.

To select appropriate furrow spacing for efficient water distribution and management.

Methodology:

This study was undertaken to quantify water requirement for different bed systems of wheat and boro cultivation and to estimate appropriate furrow spacing for adequate water distribution. The study was conducted in 2003-04 and 2004-05 Rabi seasons and 2004-2005 Boro seasons. For this study the selected crops were wheat and Boro rice (BRRI dhan29). Wheat was sown on 4th week of November 2003 and 2004 with recommended fertilizer dose. Wheat was sown in line. RCB design was used in this experiment. Treatments were replicated three times with the wheat variety. The experiments were conducted with the following treatments for both rice and wheat-

• B_I = 40 cm wide raised bed

• B₂= 60 cm wide raised bed

• B₃ = 80 cm wide raised bed

• B₄= Flat bed (conventional system)

The soils of the furrows were used to raise the respective beds. Forty-five-day-old seedlings of BRRI dhan29 variety were used with the spacing of 20- x 15-cm. The fertilizer was applied at the rate of 270-130-120-70-10 kg/ha of urea, triple super phosphate, murate of potash, gypsum and zinc sulphate respectively. Rainfall was measured in the exprimental site with a rain gauge. A spacing of I! meter was maintained in between two treatments to avoid interference of water from on etreatment to another. Experiment was conducted within a STW project area in Thakurgaon. The study was conducted in the Rabi seasons 2003-04 and2004-05.Wheat was sown in 4th week of November 2003 and 2004 with recommended fertilizer dose. Wheat was sown in line. RCB design was used in the experiment. Treatments were replicated three times with variety Gourab. The soils of the furrows were used to raise the respective beds. Rainfall was measured in the experimental site with a rain gauge. A spacing of 1 metre was maintained in between two treatments to avoid interference of water from one treatment to another.Experimet was conducted in a STW project area in Thakurgaon. As the study area was almost flat, so straight and level furrows were used. Furrows should be closed enough so that wet areas meet. Each furrow was filled with the same amount of water and lateral welling was observed. Welling fronts ie the lateral distance wetted from the edge of furrow and welling patterns were determined by digging a trench across a furrow, after the termination of an irrigation, to see the extent to which actual width and depth of soil profile had reached the field capacity. Discharge was measured by V -notch. Irrigation water was applied in flat bed up to (5-7 cm) as practiced by the farmers in the field. Irrigation water was applied in the furrow up to raised bed level. Soil moisture content before and after irrigation were determined by the gravimetric method. Soil samples were collected from every I5 cm soil depth up to a depth of 45 cm. Soil samples were also collected from the centre of each bed to observe adequate lateral wetting. Wheat and rice were harvested and measurements were recorded separately so that it represents the yield for each spacing.Yield components of both wheat and rice such as plant per m², panicles per m² no of grains per spike, filled grain per panicle, unfilled grain (%), I000-grain wt (g) and straw yield were determined.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Ricc J. 14 (I & 2) : 153-159, 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest yields of 6.60 and 6.71 t/ha of Boro rice were obtained from fIat bed in both the years. Although about 6 and 12% water were saved by 40 cm bed width plot over the farmers' flat bed. The highest net return (Tk 22.404+ and 23,890) and BCR (1.93 and 1.94) were obtained from farmers flat bed in both the years. Thus farmers' flat bed is more suitable to produce rice than raised beds. Forty cm bed with 30 cm wide furrow seemed to be suitable for obtaining good wheat yield and saving of about 25% irrigation water. Flat basin method (farmers' practice) will be suitable for applying irrigation water for rice field.

Knowledge Management: Journal