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Growth and Yield of Basmati and Traditional Aromatic Rice as Influenced by Water Stress and Nitrogen Level

MA Mannan
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

MSU Bhuiya
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

MIM Akhand
Soil Resource Development Institute, Dhaka

MM Zaman
Soil Resource Development Institute, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was done at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Farm, Gazipur during Boro season to determine the critical growth stage where water stress affect on yield reduction and to find out optimum level of nitrogen and to select stress tolerance nitrogen responsive rice variety. Water stress was imposed at i) vegetative stage, ii) reproductive stage, iii) grain filling stages and compared with iv) control (no water stress). Forty day-old seedlings of rice variety; Basmati PNR, Basmati-D and Kalijira were transplanted on 15 December. Plant spacing was maintained at 20cm x15cm. Nitrogen was top dressed at 0, 70, 105 and 140 kg ha-1 at different growth stages. Increased spikelet sterility, resulting low grain yield. The highest grain yield was observed in stress free crop irrespective of nitrogen levels. However, grain yield increased with the increase of nitrogen levels irrespective of water stress. In the high fertilized crop, percentage of spikelet sterility increased with the increase water stress especially at the reproductive stage. Among the tested varieties the short stature Basmati PNR performed well by reducing spikelet sterility irrespective of nitrogen level and water stress conditions.

Keywords: Basmati rice; Aromatic rice; Traditional rice; Nitrogen level; Water stress

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) Farm Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the critical growth stages of fine rice where water stress affect on drastic yield reduction and to find out the optimum level of nitrogen and to select nitrogen responsive potential fine rice varieties.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) Farm Gazipur in Boro season. Forty-day old seedlings of Basmati PNR, Basmati-D and Kalijira were transplanted with 2-3 seedling hill-1 spaced at 20 15 cm on 15 December. Water stresses was imposed at vegetative stage during 20-45 date after transplanting (DAT), at reproductive stage during 45-70 DAT, at grain filling stage during 70-95 DAT and compared with continuous standing water (no stress). The nitrogen was top dressed @ 0, 70, 105 and 140 kg N ha^-1 in three equal splits at 20 DAT, 35 DAT and 50 DAT. The experimental area was laid out following split-split plot design, placing water stress in the main plot, N levels in the sub plot and varieties in the sub-sub plot. The unit plot size was 3m × 4m. Main plots were separated at a distance of 3 meter from each other to minimize se-page of water. To maintain water in the treated plot, levee was repaired regularly. Crop growth parameters were recorded at different growth stages and yield and yield components data collected during harvesting by following standard procedures. At the end of the stress period the soil moisture content (SMC) was determine by following gravimetric method. Soil samples were collected from each main plot at 0-10 cm, 11-20 cm, 21-30 cm depth of soil layers with 5 cm-diameter core sampler. Soil moisture content was computed by the following formula (IRRI, 1980). SMC= FW DW/DW X 100. where, FW = Fresh weight of the soil, and DW = dry weight of the soil. The collected data were statistically analyzed following the procedures outlined by Gomez and Gomez (1984). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for data of different parameters was done by computer package Irristat developed by IRRI (IRRI, 1992).

Source of Information: Journal of Science Foundation, July 2012, Vol. 10, No. 2 ISSN 1728-7855

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Thus, BasmatiPNR gave higher grain yield when crop grown in continuous standing water condition using with the appropriate amount of nitrogen (105-140 kg ha^-1). During water crisis period stress can be allowed only for few days at the vegetative stage up to certain extent. No stress period would be allowed even for a short period of time at the reproductive stage as water stress at the reproductive stage reduced grain yield drastically especially when crop is grown with higher level of N. The reduction of yield depends on the genetic resistance of variety against stress tolerance. Cultivation of stress tolerant varieties and identification the traits resistant to stress are important to increase yield of rice in water crisis situations.

Knowledge Management: Journal