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Research Detail

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M. ZAHURUL ALAM CHOWDHURY
Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong,Bangladesh

ZAINUL ABEDIN SIDDIQUE
Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong,Bangladesh

S.M. AFZAL HOSSAIN
Department of Chemistry, University of Chittagong, Chittagong,Bangladesh

AZIZUL ISLAM KAZI
BCSIR laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. AMINUL AHSAN
BCSIR laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh

SHAMIM AHMED
BCSIR laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. MAHBUB ZAMAN
BCSIR laboratories, Chittagong, Bangladesh

he concentration of essential metals such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Co and Zn and toxic metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Ni were determined in a number of animal meats, organ meats, meat products, and eggs by using UV-visible and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The essential metal estimation in the investigated samples indicated the following range of concentration: Fe: 11 - 623 mg kg-1, Cu: 1 - 165 mg kg-1, Mg: 16 - 1372 mg kg-1, Co: 0.01 - 48 mg kg-1, Zn: 15 - 295 mg kg-1. These concentrations of essential metals are in the range of human necessities. The concentrations of toxic metals in the same samples were: Pb: 0.03 - 43 mg kg-1, Cd: 0.01- 8 mg kg-1, Cr: 0.02 - 5 mg kg-1, As: 0.004 - 3 mg kg-1 and Ni: 0.03 - 41 mg kg-1. The concentration of arsenic in all samples was found negligible and this indicates that the investigated samples are safe from arsenic toxicity. The concentrations of other four toxic metals being very negligible in most of the samples indicate that these foodstuffs are reasonably safe from metal toxicity. However a few samples which exhibited higher concentrations of these metals above their tolerance limits are alarming for the public health and demand regular examination of these items before coming to the markets. The information obtained from the present investigation is expected to be useful to the general people of this region in selecting meats as their diets.

  Meats; Organ meats; Meat products; Eggs; AAS; Heavy metals concentrations.
  Six different market of Chittagong city area and Comilla city area
  
  
  Postharvest and Agro-processing
  Fresh and processed food

The objective of this work is to estimate the levels of toxic metals such as Pb, Cd, As, Cr and Ni as well as essential metals such as Fe, Cu, Mg, Co and Zn in these foods.

Sample preparation Animal meats (local cow, Indian cow, buffalo, goat, local hen and farm hen), organ meats (tongue, lung, liver, spleen, and heart of cow and buffalo) were collected randomly from six different market of Chittagong city area. In the same manner the same samples were also collected from Comilla city area. Meat products (chicken burger, chicken samucha, anthon, chicken patties, chicken sandwich, beef pizza, hot dog, beef roll, chicken roll, and chicken wing) were collected randomly from six different first food shop of Chittagong city area. Meat products are usually retailed; so their origin could be varying diversified in the different shops. Egg samples (egg of local hen, farm hen and duck) were collected from Chittagong city area. Yolk and white portion of an egg analyzed separately. The solutions of these samples were prepared by wet digestion method. Clean and dried solid flash samples of meat and organ meat, meat product (as it collected freshly) and boiled samples of egg were taken in a three neck round bottom flask and added 50 mL of RD H2O with the sample. These were boiled for about four hours and then evaporated the solvent. At room temperature 100 mL of HNO3 and HClO4 mixture (5:1: v/v) were added with the boiled sample. This was refluxed at 120-1250 C (20 hours) until a clear solution appeared. The volume of the solution has been reduced to about 3-5 mL by condensation. At room temperature added few mL of RD H2O and filtered through Whatman-40 filter paper into a 100 mL volumetric flask and made up to the mark with RDH2O. All the samples solution under the present investigation were prepared in similar manner and stored at room temperature for Spectroscopic measurement. A blank solution was also prepared for each group of sample by using all reagents except the sample. Analytical Techniques The amounts of Fe, Cu and Mg in animal meats under the present investigation were determined by UV-visible double beam spectrophotometer, model Cintra, Australia. For determining the amounts of Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in rest of the samples, an atomic absorption flame emission spectrophotometer, model AAS-240FS Varian Australia was used. The concentration of As in all samples was determined by hydride vapor generation of Atomic absorption graphite emission spectrophotometer, model AA-6401F, Shimadzu, Japan. The analysis was carried out using respective hollow cathode lamps under standard instrumental conditions. All the spectroscopic measurements of the standard metal solutions as well as the sample solutions were done at their respective wavelength of maximum absorptions ?max. The accuracy of the instrumental methods and analytical procedures were checked by duplications of the samples, as well as by using the independent reference standard solutions . Moreover, the known concentration of an independent respective metal solution is measured periodically with the measurement of sample solution. When the measured value of the standard metal solution had shown deviation more then ten percent from its known concentration then recalibration had done for the respective metal. Thus the accuracy and precession of the analytical data were strictly followed throughout the present study. The detection limit of the element for the instrument and the spike recovery rates of the elements analyzed under the experimental conditions were determined (Table 4). Reagents and Solutions The chemicals and reagents used for the analysis were of the AR grade and redistilled water (RD H2O) was used in preparation and dilution of all the solutions. HClO4 and HNO3 were procured from E. Merk, Germany. The necessary standard metal solutions were prepared in ppm level for constructing a calibration curves of Mg, Fe and Cu by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. 1000 ppm spectral solutions of Fe, Cu, Mg, Co, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As and Ni for AAS were obtained from BDH, England, for calibration purpose. All working solutions were prepared by de-ionized water. The respective metal concentrations were determined from each of the corresponding calibration curves.

  Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 24(2), 165-172, 2011
  
Funding Source:
  

The study reveals that meats, meat products and eggs are the good sources of macro and micro nutrients and also most of the studied foodstuffs contain the toxic elements within consumable limits. Another important point is that all the studied food items are safe from arsenic toxicities. But some of the food items bear noticeable amount of toxic metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni. The present study suggests avoiding those foods as much as possible. Moreover, concerned authority should take necessary steps for reducing the toxic metal contamination into the food chain. This study also provided baseline data on toxic metal concentrations for meats, meat products and eggs in this region of Bangladesh.

  Journal
  


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