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Effects of Seed Size and Plant Spacing on Yield Components, Yield and Economic Advantage in Table Potato Production of Cvs. Pakri-1 and Pakri-2

Md. Abdus Siddique
Program Adviser
ASRBC, ACI Agribusiness, Dhaka

Lutfur Rahman
Adviser
ASRBC, ACI Agribusiness, Dhaka

Anwesha Ebne-Hossain
Program Scientist
IPV Program, ACI-RDA R&D Centre, RDA, Bogra

Adeeba Raihan
Research Specialist
ASRBC, ACI Agribusiness, Dhaka

Md. Ariful Islam
Program Scientist,
ASRBC, ACI Agribusiness, Dhaka

S.M. Rafiqul Islam
Product Dev. Manager
ACI-RDA R&D Centre, RDA, Bogra.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The farmers of Bangladesh generally use small size tubers as planting material for the production of indigenous potato varieties (IPV). The use of relatively larger tubers as seed is gaining popularity among the advanced IPV growers of Bogra and Joypurhat. Large tubers of IPV are not used as seed. In most of the popular IPVs, the production of seed size tubers is only about 40-45 % of the total yield. Considering the prevailing situation in IPV production, the present study was undertaken in order to find out the effects of seed size, plant spacing and use of cut seed piece on yield and economic return in the production of two selected IPVs. A field experiment, having 16 treatment combinations, was conducted in RCBD at RDA, Bogra during the 2014-15 season. The findings have revealed that, whole tubers of small (9-<12 g), medium (12-<15 g) and large (15-19 g) sizes could be used effectively in potato cv. Pakri-1 and Pakri-2 production through use of appropriate plant spacing. Use of cut pieces of over-size tubers of the two IPVs (25-30 g) as seed appeared promising.

Keywords: IPV, Seed size, Spacing, Cut seed, Yield component, Yield, Economic advantage

Location: Rural Development Academy farm, Bogra

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

a) To observe whether the seed rate for IPV could be kept in an acceptable level through manipulation of plant spacing.

b) To observe whether cut pieces of large IPV tubers could be used for effective utilization of extra-large tubers as seed potatoes.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Rural Development Academy farm, Bogra during the 2014-15 season. Cold-stored seed potatoes of Pakri-1 and Pakri-2 varieties of IPV, produced at RDA under the IPV Program of ASRBC during the 2013-14 season were used (Siddique et al., 2013b). The experiment had 3 factors, and was laid-out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. There were 16 treatment combinations in the experiment (2x2x4), replicated 3 times. The total area of the experimental plot was 22.5 m x 24.6 m = 554 sq.m. The land was prepared well and divided in to 3 blocks; and each block had 16 unit plots. The 16 treatment combinations were randomly distributed in 16 unit plots of each block. The size of a unit plot was 2.4m x 3.0m (7.2 sq.m). Each unit plot had 4 rows of plants, accommodating 80 and 60 plants at 15 and 20 cm plant spacing, respectively. The estimated seed rates per hectare under the seed size and plant spacing treatment combinations of the experiment are shown in Fig.1. Well-sprouted seed tubers were planted in prepared unit plots on 12 Nov 2014. For “cut piece” treatment, 25-30 g size tubers were cut in to 2 pieces on 9 Nov 2014, and the cut pieces were cured well in a ventilated room before planting. The crop was raised as per recommended method of production using recommended dose and method of application of manures, fertilizers and pesticides (ASRBC, 2014). Irrigation was provided as and when needed. Haulm pulling was done on 16 Feb 2015 (96 DAP), and the crop was harvested on 24 Feb 2015 (104 DAP). Pre- and post-harvest data on yield components and yield were recorded, processed and analyzed as per standard statistical procedures.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Soc. Agric. Sci. Technol., 11(3&4):31-36, 2014 ISSN 1811-6221

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

1. Small (9-<12 g), medium (12-<15 g) and large (15-19 g) size whole tubers can be effectively used in the production of Pakri-1 and Pakri-2 varieties of IPV through use of appropriate plant spacing. Planting of seed tubers at a spacing of 15 cm in rows placed 60 cm apart appeared optimal for all 3 size grades of seed tubers. Use of wider spacing (60 x 20 cm) reduced yield of potato and gross return per hectare in all three size grades of seed potatoes as well as in cut seed tubers. 2. The yields of Pakri-1 and Pakri-2 varieties ranged between 44.0 - 31.3 and 44.4 - 27.6 Mt/ha, respectively, among 8 seed size and spacing treatment combinations under study. 3. Half-cut pieces of Pakri-1 and Pakri-2 over-size tubers (25-30 g) can be effectively used in table potato production. The yields of Pakri-1 at 60x15 and 60x20 cm spacing with cut seed pieces were 42.6 and 31.3 Mt/ha, respectively; and those of Pakri-2 at 60x15 and 60x20 cm spacing were 38.5 and 35,4 Mt/ha, respectively. However, recommendation for use of cut pieces of IPV seed potatoes at farmers’ level would require on-farm trials in different locations. Successful use of cut seed potatoes at farmers’ level would promote production and marketing of high quality seed potatoes of selected IPVs. 4. Deduction of seed cost from gross return demonstrated the highest amount of Tk.366,000/ha for Pakri-1 with use of medium size tubers, and Tk.485,600/ha for Pakri-2 with large size tubers, both under 60x15 cm plant spacing.

Knowledge Management: Journal