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Effects of Annona Squamosa Seed Extract on Callosobruchus Chinensis (l.) (coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Sitophilus Oryzae (l.) (coleoptera:curculionidae)

M. Khan
Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, G.P.O. Box No. 3787, Dhaka.

R. M. Shahjahan
Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, G.P.O. Box No. 3787, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Toxic effects of seed extract of Annona squamosa L. were evuluated against Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.). The dose for instant mortality was found to be 20303 ppm and 12181.8 ppm for S. oryzae and C. cliinensis respectively. However, delayed mortality were found to be at 2030.3ppm for both the pest species. Percentage deterrence of oviposition and adult emergence with this dose (2030.3 ppm) were found 94.08 and 95.35 for C. chinensis. These provide some protection for pulses by reducing of spring producuon.

Keywords: Annona squamosa, Mortality, Pulse beetle, Rice weevil

Location: IFRB, AERE Laboratory

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Apple

Objectives:

To assess the action of Annona squamosa on pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis and rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae.

Methodology:

C. chinensis was taken from IFRB, AERE Laboratory stock and were reared mungbean in an incubator at 28±2? and 65±15% relative humidity (r.h.). S. oryzae were collected from the wholcsale rice market from Rayer Bazer area and were maintained on "Pisurn-I" variety of rice at same tempcrature and r.h. mentioned above. The oven dried (60? tcmperature for 1 hrs) seeds of A. squamosa were crushed in a Waring CB6 type of commercial blender. Seventyfive gram of pulverized seeds were extracted at 60°C in a soxhlet cxtractor apparatus for 8 hrs using petroleum-ether. The Iiquid extracts were freezed overnight at 4? and the bottom solid phase was separated and used for the tests. Stock solution were prepared by dissolving 10.286gm A. squamosa from freeze dried liquid cxtact Lower concelltration were obtained by diluting 10ml stock solution in 100ml acetone. This solulion was used in thc tests. Bioassay was carried out by thoroughly mixing of different amount of extract dilulcd in acetone using 20gm in 9cm Petridish for each dose. Different dose concentrations were 2030.3 ppm, 4060.6 ppm, 6090.9 ppm, 8121.2 ppm, 12181.8 ppm, and 20303 ppm. Twenty unsexed adults were exposed 10 each dose. Four replicates and a control was mainlalned for each test. Observations were taken for instant mortality aner 24.48 and 72 hours of exposure by counting Ihe number or dead insects. Delayed mortality insects were recorded by following up the mortality at the lower doses after 24, 48, and 72 hours of exposure. Oviposition preferrence were tested in "Choice chamber" designed ill 15 cm diameter Petndishes where four small thimbles were radially placed inside in an alternate manner, each containing 250 grains. There were six different doses as 203.03 ppm, 406.06 ppm, 812.12 ppm, 1218. 18 ppm, 1624.24 ppm and 2030.3 ppm. Four replicates were carried out for each dose. Ten pair or freshly emerged adults were released and kept for 3 days oviposition. The egg laid in the grains from each thimbles were counted and collected in plastic vials and kept at 282.2? and 65% r.h. Number of adults emerged compaired to their respective controls were recorded. The percentage deterrent activity in oviposition and adult emergence of a particular dose of extract was calculated.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Life Science, June 1997, Vol.9(1), pp:47-52, ISSN:1023-0858.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment, A. squamosa seed oil extract is toxic to C. chinensis and S. oryzae and act as oviposition detterent for C. chinensis which confirm its potent insecticidal effect. However, much more research is required in this field.

Knowledge Management: Journal