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Effects of Some Angiospermic Plant Extracts on in Vitro Vegetative Growth of Fusarium Moniliforme

M. YASMIN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

K.S. HOSSAIN
Directorate of Secondary & Higher Education, Bangladesh, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

M.A. BASHAR
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fifty five angiospermic plants were selected for evaluating the effect of their aqueous extracts on the in vitro vegetative growth of Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. Extracts of 17 plants showed varied degrees of inhibitory effects on the test pathogen. For instance the leaf extract of Lawsonia inermis showed maximum inhibition (60.65 %) followed by roots of Asparagus racemosus (50.59 %). The possibility of using these plant extracts in seed treatment to control bakanae disease of rice is suggested. Antifungal property of leaves of Andrographis paniculata and Lagerstroemia speciosa against bakanae disease is reported here for the first time.

Keywords: In vitro, Vegetative growth, Bakanae, Fusarium moniliforme, Plant extracts

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To find out the plant parts which have antifungal principles against F. moniliforme.

Methodology:

A total of 55 angiospermic plants were selected for screening their effect on the vegetative growth of Fusarium moniliforme. The pathogen was isolated from the infected rice plants of BR-22 variety collected during T. aman season of 2005. The selected parts of each plant were thoroughly washed in tap water, air dried and then used for the preparation of fresh extract. In case of leaves, bulbs, roots and rhizomes extracts were prepared by crushing fresh materials of known weight and added distilled water in the ratio of 1:1(w/v). However, in case of bark the ratio was 1:2 (w/v). The pulverized mass of a plant part was squeezed through four-folds of cheese cloth and the extracts were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes. The supernatant was filtered through Whatman filter paper No. 1 and the filtrate was collected in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks (Pyrex). A requisite amount of the filtrate of each plant was mixed with Potato Sucrose Agar (PSA) medium having 20% concentration and sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C under 10.35 K pascal (15 pounds) pressure for 15 minutes. Effects of plant extract was tested following poison food technique and expressed as percentage of inhibition/stimulation of growth of the test pathogen. This was calculated by using the following formula: Per cent growth inhibition/stimulation = C ~ T/C X 100, where, C = growth in control, T= (not found text)

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 37(1): 85-88, 2008 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Out of 55 plant parts, extracts of 38 showed stimulatory effect on F. moniliforme. Among them maximum stimulatory effect was found with the leaf of D. innoxia (+63.97%) followed by S. acmella (+55.48%), W. chinensis (+50.36%) and T. patula (+40.00%). The stimulatory effect of the autoclaved extract observed in some cases indicating the availability of nutrients without active antifungal substances. The stimulatory effects of plant extracts on various pathogens are also reported (Agarwal 1978, Saha 1997 and Hossain 1993). It appears that the Lawsonia inermis and Asparagus racemosus may serve as candidates of plant species for their exploitation as potent fungitoxicants for controlling bakanae disease of rice. They may also be proved to be a natural fungitoxicants with broad spectrum activity.

Knowledge Management: Journal