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Effect of Banana Ratooning on Nutrient Status in Plant and Soil

M.N. Huda
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A. Khatun
FTUTTP, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

A. Majumdar
Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

C.K. Mahapatra
Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

M.H.R. Pramanik
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out to assess the nutrient status in soil from fresh and ratooned banana fields and in rhizomes of ratooned banana plants. Soil samples were collected from three banana fields a) fresh planting, b) first ratooning and c) second ratooning at 1 and 3 feet distance from plants with a control no banana plants in the Horticulture farm of the Department of Horticulture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Plants samples and rhizomes were collected from the banana plants of the same location. The chemical analyses included N, P, K, S and Ca in the soil and N, P, K, S and Ca in the banana rhizomes. The total nitrogen content was higher in control soil. Available potassium and phosphorus were highest in nearest 1 foot soil in first ratooned banana field soil compared to other soil samples. The available sulphur in control soil was maximum compared to other. Available calcium was highest in fresh banana field soil compared to other samples. Among the plant samples, first ratooned banana had the highest total nitrogen, potassium, sulphur, calcium content compared to other fresh and second ratooned banana but phosphorus content was maximum in fresh planting. All characters except plant height found significantly affected by different ratooning. The highest yield (17.37 t/ha) was harvested from first ratooning and lowest yield (13.45 t/ha) from second ratooning of banana. First ratooned banana plants uptake higher amount of nutrients especially nitrogen, potassium, sulpher and calcium. This much uptake of nutrient may lead to high yield in first ratooning than the fresh and second ratooned banana plants.

Keywords: Banana, Rationing, Nutrient Status, Plant, Soil

Location: Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-09-2005

End Date: 00-12-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

1. To assess the nutrient status in soil from fresh and ratooned banana fields, 2. To determine the chemical constituents different nutrients in banana rhizomes from fresh and ratooned banana plants, and 3. To evaluate the effect of the nutrient status in the soil and plants at different ratooning on banana yield.

Methodology:

An investigation was carried out to assess the nutrient status in soil from fresh and ratooned banana fields and in rhizomes of ratooned banana plants from September to December 2005. The experiment was consisted two factors viz. soil nutrient status (factor A) and plant nutrient status (factor B). Soil samples were collected from three banana fields; fresh planting, first ratooning and second ratooning at 1 and 3 feet distance from plants with a control no banana plants in the Horticulture farm of the Department of Horticulture Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Plants samples and rhizomes were also collected from the banana plants of the same location. Both organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied in the fresh and ratooned banana field as per recommendation. Urea was applied in three splits at the rate of 100g, 100g and 50g respectively 2, 4 and 6 months. The chemical analyses included total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K), available sulpher (S) and available (Ca) in the soil and banana rhizomes. Total nitrogen content in soil was determined by Macro Kjeldhal method. Available soil phosphorus was determined by Olsen's method. The readings in both cases were taken with the help of a spectrophotometer at 660 nm above length. Exchangeable potassium was determined with the help of flame emission spectrophotometer and potassium percent emission was recorded. Sulphur was determined by turbidimetric method with the help of a spectrophotometer and the readings were taken in a spectrophotometer at 420 nm wave length. Calcium was determined by cornplexometric method of titration using Na₂-EDTA as a complexing agent. Plant samples were initially dried in the sun and finally oven-dried at 70⁰ C for three days. The oven-dried materials were ground and preserved in plastic pot for chemical analysis. Exactly, 1 g of finely ground material was taken into a 250 mL conical flask and 10 mL di-acid mixture (HN0₃:HCIO₄=2:1) was added. The flask was placed on the electric hot plate for heating at 180-200°C until the solid particles were nearly disappeared and white fumes were evolved from the flask. It was cooled at room temperature, washed with distilled water repeatedly and filtered into 100 mL volumetric flask through Whatman No. 40 filter paper and the volume was made up to the mark with distilled water. The plant extracts were preserved separately in plastic bottles for the analyses of different elements. Then total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (P), available sulpher (S) and available (Ca) were determined by the same procedure of determination of soil nutrients. Data were also collected on the following parameters such as plant height (m), no. of leaves, weight /inflorescence (kg), no. of branch/ inflorescence, No. of fruit /branch, average length of fruit (cm), average diameter of fruit (cm) and yield (t/ha). All data were statistically analyzed followed by one way ANOVA. The mean differences among the treatments were tested with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 10, Issue: 4, Page: 376-384, January - February, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result revealed that the total nitrogen content was higher in control soil. Available potassium and phosphorus were highest in nearest 1 foot soil in first ratooned banana field soil compared to other soil samples. The available sulphur in control soil was maximum compared to other. Available calcium was highest in fresh banana field soil compared to other samples. Among the plant samples, first ratooned banana had the highest total nitrogen, potassium, sulphur, calcium content compared to other fresh and second ratooned banana but phosphorus content was maximum in fresh planting. All characters except plant height found significantly affected by different ratooning. The highest yield (17.37 t/ha) was harvested from first ratooning and lowest yield (13.45 t/ha) from second ratooning of banana.

Knowledge Management: Journal