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Effects of Aluminium (al3+) on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

A.N.M. ALAMGIR
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

SUFIA AKHTER
Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of different concentrations of aluminium (Al3+) on seed germination of high yielding varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were investigated. Al3+ at 500 ppm had inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling growth and its dry matter. Relatively higher root and shoot dry matter in Sonlika, Fang-60 and lower in Baw-923 and Protiva were found. Root growth of Fang-60 and shoot growth of all except Akbar, Gourab and Protiva were stimulated at low concentration (10 ppm). Root growth was more susceptible to Al3+ stress than that of shoot.

Keywords: Aluminium stress, Seedling growth, Tolerance index, Wheat, Triticum aestivum

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The present work was undertaken to determine the tolerance efficiency of some high yielding varieties of wheat against different levels of Al3+ stress with respect to seed germination, root and shoot growth, and dry matter yield at seedling stage.

Methodology:

Seeds of nine HYV wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties were obtained from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. One hundred healthy seeds per variety, were placed on filter paper in Pyrex Petri dish containing 10 ml selected solution of 0, 10, 100, 200 and 500 ppm Al3+, prepared in 0.1 mM CaSO₄ and incubated in the dark at 25º C in a growth chamber. Seedlings were grown in 0.1 strength Arnon and Hoagland (1940) solution. Seed germination was counted up to six days and seedlings from well germinated seeds of each variety were grown in separate Petri dish up to ten days under artificial light (four florescent tube of 40 W and two incandescent of 60 W) in the growth chamber. Solutions in each case were changed at 24 h interval. Root and shoot lengths were taken after three, five and ten days of exposure from the randomly selected ten seedlings/variety/replication. Root and shoots were then harvested and dried in an oven at 65ºC for 12 h to attain constant weight. Tolerance index (T₁) of the seedlings was determined following Alamgir et al. (1989).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 1-6, 2009 (June)

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present work, root of Sonalika and shoot of Fang-60 revealed relatively higher growth efficiency at 500 ppm Al₃+. Length and weight of root and also those of the above ground parts of wheat could be the best criterion for selecting Al₃+ tolerant varieties (Macuha and Rychtarik 1999). Tolerant varieties should definitely reveal higher rate of growth activities under stress.

Knowledge Management: Journal