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Effects of Post-anthesis Heat Stress on Stem Reserves Mobilization, Canopy Temperature Depression and Floret Sterility of Wheat Cultivars

S. SIKDER*
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

N.K. PAUL
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Testing of four heat tolerant (Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi) and two heat sensitive (Sonora and Kalyansona) wheat cultivars under normal and late growing post-anthesis heat stress conditions revealed higher pre-anthesis stem reserves mobilization to the final grain weight and floret sterility in heat sensitive cultivars compared to heat tolerant cultivars. The heat tolerant cultivars showed higher canopy temperature depression than the heat sensitive cultivars in both the growing conditions indicating the higher ability of heat tolerant cultivars to maintain cooler canopy environment than the heat sensitive ones.

Keywords: Post-anthesis; Heat stress; Floret sterility; Canopy temperature; Mobilization

Location: Crop Physiology and Ecology Department of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

The present investigation was undertaken to study the preanthesis stem reserves traslocation to final grain weight, canopy temperature depression ability and floret streility of wheat cultivars under late growing post-anthesis heat stress condition.

Methodology:

Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted on six wheat cultivars at the research farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur during 2006 - 07. On the basis of membrane thermostability out of six cultivars four (Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi) were heat tolerant and two (Sonora and Kalyansona) were heat sensitive. The seeds were sown on November 30, as normal growing condition, and December 30 of 2006 as late growing post-anthesis heat stress condition. The experiment was replicated thrice in a split plot design where two growing conditions (sowing times) were placed in main plots and six wheat cultivars were in sub-plots. Seeds were sown in rows 20 cm apart at the rate of 120 kg/ha in a unit plot size of 3 m × 2 m. The pre-anthesis stem reserves (PSR) contribution towards the final grain weight was determined according to Gallaghar et al. (1975). This is based on the net loss in weight of above ground vegetative organs between anthesis and maturity with the difference in yield and net assimilation. A hand held infra-red thermometer (Model: Crop TRAK, Item No. 2955L - Spectrum Technologies, Inc.) was used to measure canopy temperature. Canopy temperature depression (CTD) is the difference between ambient air temperature and canopy temperature in degree centigrade. The CTD was recorded at 5 days after anthesis during noon period. Finally, the floret sterility (%) was calculated at maturity period according to Hasan (2002).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 51-55, 2010 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The heat tolerant cultivars showed higher canopy temperature depression than the heat sensitive cultivars in both the growing conditions indicating the higher ability of heat tolerant cultivars to maintain cooler canopy environment than the heat sensitive ones.

Knowledge Management: Journal