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Growth and Yield Potential of Broccoli in Response to Organic Manures and Mulching

Md. Meftaul Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Falguni Majumdar
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Tania Sultana
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Shariful Islam
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Rezowana Nizam
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during October 2011 to March 2012. The experiment consisted of two factors, Factor A: Three levels of organic manures, viz., O₀= Control; O₁= Cowdung (25 t ha^-1) and O₂ = Spent Mushroom compost (17 t ha^-1), and Factor B: Four types of mulching, viz. M₀ = Control, M₁ = Black polythene, M₂ = Water hyacinth and M₃ = Rice straw. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. For combined effect, The highest plant height, number of leaves plant^-1, leaf length, leaf breadth, days required for 80% curd initiation, crown length, diameter and weight of primary curd plant^-1, number and weight of secondary curds plant^-1and highest curd yield (18.28 t/ha) was obtained from O₂M₂ and lowest from O₀M₀. So, it can be concluded that 17 t/ha spent mushroom compost with water hyacinth mulch is suitable for broccoli cultivation.

Keywords: Broccoli, Organic manure, Mulching, Growth and yield attributes.

Location: Horticulture Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-10-2011

End Date: 00-03-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Broccoli

Objectives:

To find out the suitable combination of organic manure and mulching material on growth and yield of broccoli.

Methodology:

Geographically the experimental area is located at 23⁰41 N latitude and 90⁰22 E longitude at the elevation of 8.6 m above the sea level. Soil of the experimental field was silty loam in texture belongs to the Modhupur Tract under the AEZ No. 28 (FRG, 2012). The climate of the experimental site was under the subtropical climate, characterized by winter season from November to February (Edris et al., 1979). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications using three levels of organic manures, viz., Control, Cowdung (25 t ha^-1), Spent Mushroom compost (17 t ha^-1) and four levels of mulching, viz., control, black polythene, water hyacinth and rice straw. Hybrid variety of broccoli (Early green) was used as planting material. The size of each plot was 2.5m × 2.4m. The distance maintained between two blocks and two plots were 1 m and 0.5 m respectively. The plots were raised up to 10 cm. Twenty five days old healthy seedlings were transplanted at the spacing of 60 cm × 50 cm in the experimental plots on 24 November 2011. Only organic manure was used as the source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Total amount of organic manure was applied during final land preparation as per treatment. The fresh water hyacinth and rice straw were chopped into small pieces (5 cm) and sun dried for three days before placing and black polythene sheet with small opening which was made for maintaining proper plant to plant and row to row distance before placing over the plots. The thickness of water hyacinth and rice straw mulch materials were maintained at 5 cm approximately. Intercultural operations were done on need based conditions of the crop. The data pertaining to following characters were recorded from ten plants randomly selected from each plot except yield of curds which was recorded plot wise. Plant heights, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breadth were measured at 20, 40 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT). Data on yield components viz. days required for 80% curd initiation, crown length, diameter of primary curd, weight of primary curd, number of secondary curds per plant, average weight of secondary curds, yield per plant and yield per hectare were also recorded. All data were statistically analyzed using the computer package program, MSTAT-C (Russell, 1994). The mean values of all the treatments were calculated and analyses of variance for all the characters were performed by the F-test (variance ratio). The significance of the difference among the treatment combinations of means was estimated by least significance difference (LSD) at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Page: 68-73, July-September, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/14013050

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The organic manure and mulching positively affected the growth and yield of broccoli. Combination of spent mushroom compost with water hyacinth mulching was found superior than other combinations of organic manure and mulching materials. Further studies are needed by involving other organic manures like vermicompost, poultry manure etc and experiments should be carried out in other areas where broccoli is cultivated.

Knowledge Management: Journal