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Increase Tomato Yield Through Maximization of N-fertilization

T.U. Ahmed
Assistant Director, Minimizing Rice yield Gap Project, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

A.Z.M.A.S. Sarker
Upazilla Agricultural Officer, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

A. Majumdar
Agricultural Extension Officer, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

A. Khatun
Liaison Officer, IAIS Project, Agriculture Information Service, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

M.A.Z. Al Munsur
Assistant Director, Minimizing Rice yield Gap Project, Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted at the farm of the Crop Botany Department, BSMR Agricultural University, Gazipur to observe the effect of maximum Nfertilizer application for the enhancement of growth, nutrient content and yield of tomato. The experiment consisted of two factors: different levels of N-fertilizers viz. 230, 276 and 322 kg ha^-1 and varieties namely BARI Tomato 6 and Ruma VF. The design of the experiment was split plot with factorials having three replicates. The results indicated that plant height of tomato varieties increased gradually with the passing of time. At 65 DAT maximum height was found in variety BARI Tomato 6 and the minimum height was observed in Ruma VF. Leaves weight, number of branches, allocation of dry matter to stem, root, leaves and fruits were significantly increased due to the application of higher amounts of fertilizer N. Marketable tomato yield was increased 57.92, 67.89 and 72.43 ton ha-1 was recorded by the application of increasing level of N-fertilizer at 230, 276 and 322 kgha^-1, respectively. Physiological efficiency of fruit, dry matter production, apparent N-recovery and fruit yield was significantly influenced by the application of N-fertilizer. The maximum physiological efficiency of fruit (Fresh weight basis 154 g/g N ) was produced in BARI Tomato 6 due to addition of 322 kg N ha^-1and maximum physiological efficiency of fruit on dry weight basis (44g/gN) was produced in Ruma VF due to application 322 kg N ha^-1 . Similarly, maximum physiological efficiency of dry matter (35.16 g/g N) was also obtained by that variety with same amount of Napplication. The highest apparent nitrogen recovery (31 %) was recorded by the treatment combination of variety Ruma VF with 322 kg N/ha. It may be concluded that tomato production was increased with the increasing level of N-fertilizer but better physiological efficiency, apparent N recovery and successful tomato production was possible by using of N-fertilizer 276 kg ha^-1.

Keywords: Tomato, Yield, Physiological efficiency, N recovery and N fertilization

Location: Crop Botany Department, BSMR Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

1. The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effect of ample supply of N-fertilizer on the physiological efficiency and apparent nitrogen recovery (%) and to observe the growth and yield of tomato.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Crop Botany Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujujibur Rahman Agricultural University situated at 24.09⁰ North latitude and 90.26⁰ East longitude with an elevation of 8.4 meter from the sea level. The experiment consisted of two factors: different levels of N-fertilizers viz. 230, 276 and 322 kg ha^-1 and varieties namely BARI Tomato 6 and Ruma VF. The design of the experiment was split plot with factorials having three replicates. Urea and muriate of potash (300 kg ha^-1) were applied in three installments. The total quantity of TSP (500 kg ha^-1) and first dose of urea and MP were applied two days before transplanting (DAT). The second and third dose of urea and MP were added as top dressing at 21 and 35 DAT. Healthy and uniform sized 25 days old seedlings were taken separately from the seedbed and were transplanted in the experimental field maintaining a spacing of 50 and 60 cm between the rows and plants, respectively. The seedbeds were watered before uprooting the seedlings so as to minimize damage to the roots. The seedlings were watered after transplanting. Shading was provided by pieces of banana leaf sheath for three days to protect the seedling from the direct sun. After transplanting the seedlings, various kinds of intercultural operations like Gap filling, weeding and mulching, staking and pruning practices, irrigation, were accomplished for better growth and development of the plants as when necessary. Five plants were randomly selected in each plot to record data on plant height, total number of leaves, number of green leaves at final harvest, days to first flowering, number of fruits per cluster, number of fresh ripe fruit, weight of individual fruit, weight of fruit per plant, fresh weight of root, fresh weight of leaves, dry matter of stem, weight of fruits per plot were recorded in final harvest. The estimation of nitrogen was made by modified micro-Kjeldahl method, which depends on the fact that organic nitrogen, when digested with concentrated sulphuric acid that converted into ammonium sulphate. Phosphorus of leaf, stem, root and fruit extract was determined colorimetrically by stannous chloride method. Apparent N-recovery and physiological efficiency of N was calculated. The data in respect of yield and yield contributing characters were statistically analyzed to find out statistical significance to the experimental results. The collected data were analyzed statistically by MSTAT-C program and means were evaluated by LSD and DMRT test.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 7, Issue: 4, Page: 336-344, November - December, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be inferred from the present study that the tomato production was increased with the increasing level of N-fertilizer but better physiological efficiency, apparent N recovery and successful tomato production was possible by using of N-fertilizer 276 kg/ha (600kg Urea). Excessive use of N-fertilizer could not bring further yield improvement.

Knowledge Management: Journal