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Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Alternate Shrimp-crop Farming in Bangladesh

M. Serajul Islam
Professor in the Department of Agricultural Economics Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. A. Wahab
Professor, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Azahar Ali Miah
Professor,Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was designed to analyze the comparative profitability of alternate shrimp-crop farming and to determine the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of shrimp farming in coastal areas of Bangladesh. In shrimp growing areas, four different farming systems were studied - alternate shrimp-rice farming, alternate shrimp-salt farming, and year round shrimp or rice production in the shrimp farming areas. It was found that, combined economic returns from producing shrimp and salt was substantially higher than those of combined returns from shrimp and rice production under alternate shrimp-rice farming system. Shrimp and rice were also produced individually as year round crop. In year round shrimp farming per hectare production of shrimp was higher compared to the production of shrimp under alternate shrimp-crop farming but in terms of farm income, farmers producing year round shrimp earned lower income than the combined income earned from shrimp and salt production. Under the present farming system, farm income from year round rice production within the vicinity of shrimp growing areas was the lowest among the four different farming systems in the study areas. The results of the study clearly indicate that shrimp farming and other related activities accrued socioeconomic benefits to the shrimp farmers. The coastal communities including women had chances to improve their socioeconomic condition through their direct and indirect involvement in coastal aquaculture. The study revealed that the existing unplanned shrimp culture has adversely affected the production of cereal crops and vegetables, trees and plantation, poultry and livestock in shrimp growing areas. Shrimp farming has also negative effects on coastal environment and agro-ecosystem, which have moderately changed the bio-diversity in the study areas.

Keywords: Socio economic, Impact,Shrimp- crop farming

Location: Khulna, Satkhira and Cox's Bazar

Start Date: 00-06-2000

End Date: 00-07-2001

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To analyze the comparative profitability of alternate shrimp-crop farming

2.To determine the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of shrimp farming in coastal areas of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Three study areas were purposively selected from Khulna, Satkhira and Cox's Bazar districts on the basis of concentration of shrimp farms in the areas. The study areas included Paikgacha of Khulna, Shamnagar of Satkhira and Teknaf and Chokaria of Cox's Bazar district. From the three districts, in total 90 shrimp-crop farmers and 30 rice farmers were purposively selected under different management systems to determine and compare the economic returns of alternate shrimp-crop farming. In addition to shrimp-crop farmers, 120 stakeholders or related people involved in shrimp farming, were also selected to document their views on impact of shrimp farming in coastal areas As the shrimps are still produced seasonally in traditional methods as alternative to rice and salt production, data were collected both for shrimps and other crops, as they were produced in the same farming areas. Other stakeholders who were directly and indirectly involved with shrimp industry and were benefited and also those adversely affected, were also selected for this study. Data and information were collected for the period June to July 2000-2001.Data and information on shrimp production under different management, cost of using inputs and revenue received from disposal of shrimps and other crops, and impact of shrimp farming were also collected from shrimp farmers. Information on the nature and magnitude of socioeconomic impacts were collected from cross section of the concerned stakeholders.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agric. Econs. XXV, 1 (2002) 63-76

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the study clearly indicate that shrimp farming and other related activities accrued socioeconomic benefits to the shrimp farmers. The coastal communities including women had chances to improve their socioeconomic condition through their direct and indirect involvement in coastal aquaculture. The study revealed that the existing unplanned shrimp culture has adversely affected the production of cereal crops and vegetables, trees and plantation, poultry and livestock in shrimp growing areas. Shrimp farming has also negative effects on coastal environment and agro-ecosystem, which have moderately changed the bio-diversity in the study areas.

Knowledge Management: Journal