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Diversity of Avifauna in Sher-e-bangla Agricultural University Campus

S.C. Shovon
Department of Agricultural Botany Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Shariful Islam
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Jubayer-Al-Mahmud
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Shah Newaz Chowdhury
Department of Agricultural Botany Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Nazmul Alam
Department of Development and Poverty Studies, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Tania Sultana
Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Md. Meftaul Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Avifaunal surveys were carried out in the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Campus, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from May 2013 to April 2014. Status, distribution, and conservation as well as other aspects of birds in this campus were studied. A total of 60 species of birds have been recorded. Among total birds, 30 (50%) species were resident, 13 (about 22%) migratory resident and 17 (about 28%) species were migratory. In the total birds, very common, common, uncommon and rare species were 37%, 18%, 23% and 22% respectively. Food and feeding habits of 60 numbers of birds species were observed during the study period. From the food observation it was found that, insect were eaten by 20%, fish by 10% , grain by 17%, fruits by 3%, small animal by 10%, mixed foods by 28%, fish and other invertebrates were eaten by 12% bird species. After investigating the feeding grounds, it was found that the pond feeding ground were 14% bird species, wet land were 20% species, crop field were 17% species, woodland and bush were 18% species , grassland and wetland were 18% species, ground and wetland were5%, pond and crop field were 5%, and ground were 3%. This study shows that Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Campus, even though subject to moderate anthropogenic disturbance, still hosts a large and distinctive avifauna.

Keywords: Avifauna, Diversity, Urbanization, Anthropogenic disturbanc

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Campus, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-05-2013

End Date: 00-04-2014

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Animal

Objectives:

To find out the major threats for the survival of birds of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Campus.

Methodology:

Study Area

Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University campus has a diverse ecological habitats and vegetation types. It consists of wetlands, grasslands, crop fields, forest areas, bushes, woodlands and human settlements, i.e. houses, academic and administrative buildings. Study area provide habitats for various kinds of wild life, fishes and innumerable number of insects. The study area consists of the whole campus area including the crop fields and the ground areas.

Data Collection

Birds were surveyed for about two holidays a week in every month from May 2013 to April 2014. The bird watching was designed in two categories; (a) routine bird watching, (b) casual bird watching. In Routine bird watching the day time was divided into two parts in the morning and evening. Birds are more active and hence more visible in these two periods of times. At least two hours were spent in each period. Observations were made with 7–21x40 binoculars and by naked eyes. Grimmett et al. (1998) and Ali and Ripley (1987) were used for identification, and in many cases photographs were taken in order to confirm the identification. Not only the bird species, but their habitats were also confirmed from the literature published in different books and journals. Relative abundance was assessed as ‘very common’ (seen on 75–100% of visits), ‘common’ (seen on 50–74% of visits), ‘uncommon’ (seen on 25–49% of visits), or ‘rare’ (seen on <25% of visits). For wintering migrants, abundance was assessed only during the months they were present.

Data Analysis

All records were kept in the tabulated form in the excel data sheets. A simple statistical tool is used to analyze the data. Bar diagram is used to identify the number of birds seen in the campus and pie chart are used to represent the habitat, food and feeding ground of bird species in the study area.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Page: 58-63, July-September, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/14013048

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University campus is situated in the heart of the Dhaka city. Urbanization favors special life styles among birds; the omnivorous, cranivorous, and cavity nesting species were found to be more represented within urbanization spots than at the surrounding regions that belong to the same habitat. Exotic species are also favored by urbanization. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University campus is a place in a capital where it supports diverse vegetation which supports ultimately diverse bird species. The major factor that underlies the urbanization effect on avifauna is the vegetation cover. Birds respond to both vegetation density and composition. From recent study it was found that major threats for the birds species in the study area are decreasing of habitat, use of pesticide in the crop field, destroying vegetation, unwise infrastructure development and destroying breeding place through tree management practice.

Knowledge Management: Journal