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Response of Irrigated Wheat to Different Source of Nitrogen

M M Mir Kabir
SO
Entomology Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Niaz Md. Farhat Rahman
SSO
Agricultural Statistics Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka during the rabi season of 2010-2011 to study the effect of prilled urea and urea super granule on the growth and yield of irrigated wheat. The experiment consisted of sixteen treatments as T₁ : Prilled urea (PU) broadcast@100 kg N ha^-1, T₂: PU placed in the side furrow@100 kg N ha^-1, T₃: PU placed between two rows@100 kg N ha^-1, T₄: PU & seed in the same furrow@100 kg N ha^-1 , T₅: Urea Super Granule (USG) at 5 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₆: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₇: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₈: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^{- 1}, T₉: USG placed at 10 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₀: USG placed 10 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₁: USG placed at 10 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₂: USG placed at 10 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₃: USG placed at 15 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₄: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₅: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1 and T₁₆: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1. Application of PU and USG as nitrogen fertilizer had significant positive effect on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of irrigated wheat. The tallest plant (97.73 cm), maximum effective tillers spike-1 (6.67) and higher TDM weight (11.86 g plant^-1) were recorded in T11 ( USG placed at 10 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1 ) than other treatments. Similar treatment also produced significantly higher grains spike^-1 (42.33), 1000-grains weight (40.11 g), grain yield (4.00 t ha^-1), straw yield (5.31 t ha^-1) and biological yield (9.31 t ha^-1) where T10 (3.80 t ha^{- 1}) was found to be effective to produced similar results. However the highest harvest index (45.45%) was obtained from the treatment T6 (USG placed at 5 cm depth 10 DAS@ 75 kg N ha^-1). The use of USG was found very effective in respect of money save and increase yield of irrigated wheat. USG is to be applied in the irrigated wheat at 10 cm depth at 10-20 days after sowing@ 75 kg N ha^-1.

Keywords: Irrigation, Wheat and Nitrozen

Location: Agronomy Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka

Start Date: 00-11-2010

End Date: 00-03-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to compare the influence of PU and USG on the growth and yield of wheat as well as to determine optimum time and depth of USG placement in wheat cultivation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Farm, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka during the period from November 2010 to March 2011. Geographically the experimental field is located at 23⁰74 N latitude and 90⁰35E longitude at an elevation of 8.2 m above the sea level belonging to the Agro-ecological Zone “AEZ- 28” of Madhupur Tract (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The soil of the research field is slightly acidic in reaction with low organic matter content. The treatments were T₁ : Prilled urea (PU) broadcast@100 kg N ha^-1, T₂: PU placed in the side furrow@100 kg N ha^-1, T₃: PU placed between two rows@100 kg N ha^-1 , T₄: PU & seed in the same furrow@100 kg N ha^-1 , T₅: Urea Super Granule (USG) at 5 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₆: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₇: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₈: USG placed at 5 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^{- 1}, T₉: USG placed at 10 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₀: USG placed 10 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₁: USG placed at 10 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₂: USG placed at 10 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₃: USG placed at 15 cm depth as basal@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₄: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 10 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1, T₁₅: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 20 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1 and T₁₆: USG placed at 15 cm depth at 30 DAS@75 kg N ha^-1. The wheat variety i.e. BARI gam-21 (Shatabdi) was used as plant materials which was tolerant to diseases and pests. We followed Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Fertilizer were applied at the rate of BARI recommended dose as 180-220 kg/ha prilled urea, 140-180 kg/ha TSP, 40-50 kg/ha MOP, 110-120 kg/ha Gypsum and urea super granule was applied as per treatments in each plot. The nitrogen rate for USG was 75 kg ha^-1. Fertilizers other than nitrogen were given during final land Preparation. Seeds were sown on 29 November 2010 continuously in 20 m apart rows opened by specially made an iron hand tine. The seed rate was 120 kg ha^-1. After sowing, the seeds were covered with soil and slightly pressed by hands. The intercultural operations were done when and as par necessary. Ten plants were randomly selected from each plot prior to harvesting for collection of data on plant characters, grain yield and its components. The data obtained from experiment on various parameters were statistically analyzed in MSTAT-C computer program (Russel, 1986).

Source of Information: App. Sci. Report.2 (3), 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded that use of USG in crop production is very economic over prilled urea. It save money, in the same time increases yield. USG could be used at 10 cm depth at 10-12 days after sowing to have maximum grain yield of irrigated wheat. The similar experiment could be tested in different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings