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Phytoplankton Standing Crop and Its Diversity in the Buragauranga River Estuary in Relation to Chemical Environment

ASHFAQUE AHMED**
Present address: Ecology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

SIRAJUL HOQUE
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

MIKAEL OHLSON
Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås-1432, Norway

MD ABDUS SALAM AKANDA
Department of Statistics, Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

MD GOLAM MOULA
Plantation Trial Unit Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Rupatoli, Barisal, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Chemical and biological features of Buragauranga river estuary stretching about eight kilometers beside Rangabali of Galachipa Upozilla, Patuakhali district, Bangladesh showed that the water of the estuary was moderately alkaline (pH 7.8 - 8.21). Conductivity had moderate to very strong and perfect significant correlations (at 5% level) with the chemical variables. Magnesium was found to have very strong relationship with different fractions of hardness whereas Ca had moderate correlation. The phytoplankton community was represented by 10 genera belonging to Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Bacilariophyceae. Bacillariophyceae was the dominant algal class (8 genera, 80%). Trachelomonas sp. of Euglenophyceae was present in all the 12 sampling units of 3 locations indicating its dominancy and capacity to tolerate habitat fluctuations. Location 2 showed higher generic diversity than the other two locations. Principal component analysis showed that Trachelomonas sp. has negative significant correlation with principal component one i.e. Mg, K, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and salinity have negative effect on the distribution of Trachelomonas sp. whereas these variables have positive effects on Coscinodiscus sp.

Keywords: Phytoplankton standing crop; Diversity; Estuary; Chemical environment; Bangladesh

Location: Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Plankton

Objectives:

studied the edaphic conditions of different offshore islands with different hydrological regimes, elemental concentrations of the leaves of mangrove tree Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham, from the estuary of Patuakhali, but no information does exist on water and phytoplankton quality from the same area.

Methodology:

Materials and Methods Buragauranga river estuary, Patuakhali (21°53'10" - 22°00'00" N and 90°27'00" - 90°30'30" E), situated about 300 km south of Dhaka Metropolis, was studied. Three locations were selected and these were: Location 1: across the river near Char Motherbunia; Location 2: east of Char Taposhi and Location 3: between the Char Taposhi and Char Kashem, details of which are available in Ahmed et al. (2010a). Engine driven country boat was used in sampling on 28th February 2006 during high tide. At each station pH, conductivity, free CO₂, salinity and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water were measured by using respective field meters. Four replicates of water samples, each 500 ml in quantity were collected from each location from a depth of 60 cm with the help of a water sampler (Lakshminarayana 1965, Ahmed 2004). Water samples were also collected for measuring the diversity of phytoplankton via sedimentation technique. For these purpose 100 ml capacity plastic bottles each containing 200 µl Lugols iodine were used. After collection, all samples were brought to the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka for laboratory analyses. The concentration of chloride, BOD5 (at 25 ± 3º C), hardness, filtrable and non-filtrable total residue were determined according to APHA (1976). Alkalinity was determined by the method described by Wetzel and Likens (1979). Na and K were determined by flame photometry and Ca and Mg by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Sulphate was measured by the method of Hunt (1980). The density of phytoplankton was determined with the help of a Sedgewick-rafter counting chamber (Wetzel and Likens 1979). Chemical variables of water were subjected to the ANOVA. Locations were used as factors. To compare water samples of the three locations of the river Buragauranga, ANOVA was performed using general linear model procedures in SAS 9.1 program. For the measurement of generic diversity the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H) was calculated following Ruggiero and Merchant (1979). Principal component analysis (PCA) was done by using Stata 11 program (Stata 2010).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 143-151, 2010 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The phytoplankton community was represented by 10 genera belonging to Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Bacilariophyceae. Bacillariophyceae was the dominant algal class (8 genera, 80%). Trachelomonas sp. of Euglenophyceae was present in all the 12 sampling units of 3 locations indicating its dominancy and capacity to tolerate habitat fluctuations. Location 2 showed higher generic diversity than the other two locations. Principal component analysis showed that Trachelomonas sp. has negative significant correlation with principal component one i.e. Mg, K, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and salinity have negative effect on the distribution of Trachelomonas sp. whereas these variables have positive effects on Coscinodiscus sp.

Knowledge Management: Journal