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Fungal Diseases of Rose Plant in Bangladesh

Anita Ghosh
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Shamim Shamsi
A part of M.S. thesis of the first author (AG).

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five types of symptom were recorded on two varieties of rose plant. The symptoms were Black spot, Leaf spot₁ , Leaf spot₂, Blight and Anthracnose. The study revealed the presence of 20 species of fungi belonging to 17 genera. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Arthrinium saccharicola Stevenson, Aspergillus flavus, Link., A. niger van Tiegh., Botrytis allii Munn, Cercospora sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries, C. oxysporum Berk. & Curt., two species of Colletotrichum, Curvularia brakyospora Boedijn, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium sp., Epicoccum purpurascens Ehreneb ex Schlecht; Link, Gibberella sp., Marssonina rosea (Lib.) Died, Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) Masson, Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. with its two culture types, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. Ex. Fr) Vuill. and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fries. The frequency (%) of association of P. guepinii was higher than any other fungi. Pestalotiopsis guepinii and its two culture types were found to be pathogenic to rose plant.

Keywords: Fungal diseases, Rose plant

Location: Dhanmondi, Gulshan, Farmgate, Mirpur, Mohakhali and Dhaka University Campus

Start Date: 00-11-2009

End Date: 00-10-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Rose

Objectives:

To identify fungal pathogens associated with the diseased rose plant under Bangladesh conditions.

Methodology:

The present study is based on healthy and infected plant parts of Rosa spp. Plant materials were collected from Dhanmondi, Gulshan, Farmgate, Mirpur, Mohakhali and Dhaka University Campus, during November 2009 to October 2010 (Anita 2010). Thirty nine samples were studied in search of fungal diseases of rose plant. In this investigation five types of symptom were recorded on two varieties of rose plant viz. Rosa centifolia (red, pink and white flower) and R. involucrata. The symptoms were Black spot, Leaf spot₁ (spot reddish brown, sub circular 2 - 3 mm in diam.), Leaf spot₂ (off white centre surrounded by reddish brown border 3 - 5 mm in diam. Sub circular), blight and anthracnose. The fungi were isolated from the samples following the “Tissue Planting method”. The selected area of specimens were cut into small pieces (2 mm x 2 mm) and surface sterilized by dipping in 10% chlorox for 3 - 5 min followed by rinsing in sterilized water. Surface sterilized plant pieces were placed on PDA medium. From each sample 30 inocula consisted of leaf pieces were taken and placed on solidified PDA in Petri dishes at 3 pieces per plate. The plates were incubated for 5 - 7 days at 25 ± 1°C. Fungi grew from the inocula were transferred to separate PDA plates and PDA slants for further studies and preservation. The isolated fungi were identified based on morphological characteristics observed under a compound microscope following standard keys (Barnett and Hunter 2000, Booth 1971, Ellis 1971, 1976, Ellis and Ellis 1997, Sutton 1980). Prevalence (%) of fungi in different specimens was also recorded. All diseased specimens and associated fungi were preserved in the Herbarium, Mycology and Plant Pathology Division, Department of Botany University of Dhaka. Identified fungi were purified and their pathogenicity was examined following modified ‘detached leaf technique’. Healthy and mature leaves of Rosa spp. were collected and washed with distilled water then surface sterilized with 10% Clorox for five minutes and rinsed in sterilized water. Ventral and dorsal sides of the leaflets with and without pricking were inoculated with spores of the isolated fungi. Another set of leaves with and without pricking and without inoculation were maintained, which served as controls. Three replications were made for each treatment. The inoculated leaflets were placed in Petri dishes containing water soaked cotton bar to maintain sufficient humidity to initiate infection. The plates were incubated at 25 - 28°C. After 3 days of inoculation, examination of leaves for pathogenicity test was started and continued for 7 - 10 days for disease development. Healthy seedling of rose plant was transplanted in pots (30 cm diam.) containing sterilized soil at three seedlings per pot and allowed to grow for three months in net house providing necessary water and nutrients. Healthy leaves of the seedlings were washed with sterilized distilled water and then surface sterilized with 10% chlorox and again washed with sterilized distilled water. Pricked and unpricked leaves were inoculated. Surface sterilized leaves were pricked with sterilized needle. For inoculation 5 mm (diam.) mycelial block cut from young PDA culture of each test fungus and rubbed on both pricked and unpricked leaves and wrapped with surface sterilized polythene bags. Leaves under control received only fresh PDA block without fungal inoculum. Three leaves were inoculated for each treatment and for each fungus. The inoculated plants were placed on a clean bench following completely randomized design. The plants were examined daily and continued for 10 days to record the development of symptoms. Symptom produced on artificial inoculated leaves were recorded and compared with those observed on naturally inoculated leaves. The fungi were re-isolated from the inoculated leaves of rose plant on PDA medium to fulfill Koch’s postulates.

Source of Information: Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 2, 225-233, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study revealed the presence of 20 species of fungi belonging to 17 genera. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Arthrinium saccharicola Stevenson, Aspergillus flavus, Link., A. niger van Tiegh., Botrytis allii Munn, Cercospora sp., Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries, C. oxysporum Berk. & Curt., two species of Colletotrichum, Curvularia brakyospora Boedijn, Curvularia pallescens Boedijn, Fusarium sp., Epicoccum purpurascens Ehreneb ex Schlecht; Link, Gibberella sp., Marssonina rosea (Lib.) Died, Nigrospora sphaerica (Sacc.) Masson, Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. with its two culture types, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb. Ex. Fr) Vuill. and Trichoderma viride Pers. ex Fries. The frequency (%) of association of P. guepinii was higher than any other fungi. Pestalotiopsis guepinii and its two culture types were found to be pathogenic to rose plant.

Knowledge Management: Journal