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Study of Pathological Conditions Encountered in Small Scale Commercial Broiler Farms at Sadar Upazilla of Dinajpur District of Bangladesh

M. A. Salam
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M. F. Hossain
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M. M. Islam
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M. F. Hoque
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

S. M. H. Rashid
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pathologically investigation of prevalence of diseases in broiler encountered in small scale commercial broiler farms at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh was done during September, 2009 to August, 2010. The diagnosis of different disease conditions was done based on the flock history, clinical manifestations, characteristic gross morbid lesions and histopathological study. A total of 264 dead birds were collected from different broiler farms for necropsy. The highest proportional incidence of the diseases was recorded as Infectious Bursal disease (IBD) (25.75%) followed by Newcastle disease (17.42%), Colibacillosis (14.01%), Coccidiosis (8.71%), Mycoplasma-colibacillosis (MC) complex (8.71%), Salmonellosis (7.57%), Aspergillosis (4.92%), Deficiency disorders (4.92%), Aflatoxicosis (4.54%) and Miscellaneous disease conditions (3.40%). The findings indicated that IBD is still a fatal disease causing greatly economically harmed the small scale broiler farmers at Dinajpur district.

Keywords: Small scale, Commercial broiler farm, Broiler diseases, Clinical findings, Gross pathology, Histopathology

Location: Small scale commercial broiler farms at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2009

End Date: 00-08-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Poultry

Objectives:

1. The present study was undertaken to determine the pathological conditions prevalent in small scale commercial broiler farms at Dinajpur of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Flock history (experimental birds and experimental area) - A total of 88 flocks (total 264 clinically affected birds) placed at different areas surrounding the Sadar upazilla of Dinajpur district were examined (at least 3 birds from each flock). The duration of the study was one year (September, 2009 to August, 2010). A detail flock history in relation to the incidence of disease including housing system, location of poultry farms, sources of birds, number of birds, rearing system, litter materials, feeding and watering system, vaccines and vaccination, previous disease and treatment history if any, morbidity and mortality , etc. was collected and registered in a prescribed forms. Clinical manifestations and necropsy - The clinical signs exhibited by the individual bird during illness were recorded during the physical visit of the farms and the farmers’ complaints about their flocks were also emphasized and noted systematically. The dead and sick birds collected from the flocks during physical visit and the birds submitted to the Pathology Laboratory for the diagnosis and treatment were necropsy examined following a standard procedure. The visible gross morbid lesions were recorded during period of necropsy and the representative organs were preserved at 10% formalin for further histopathological study. Histopathological examinations and image presentation - The preserved tissue samples were processed, paraffinized, sectioned and stained with haematoxylin and eosin following a standard procedure. The histopathological lesions of tissues were examined under microscope using various objectives, recorded and correlated with the gross lesions and collected flock history to finally diagnose the specific disease. A digital camera was used to take histopathological lesions directly from the microscope and presented for the better illustration of the results.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 5, Issue: 2, Page: 111-116, March -April, 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest proportional incidence of the diseases was recorded as Infectious Bursal disease (IBD) (25.75%) followed by Newcastle disease (17.42%), Colibacillosis (14.01%), Coccidiosis (8.71%), Mycoplasma-colibacillosis (MC) complex (8.71%), Salmonellosis (7.57%), Aspergillosis (4.92%), Deficiency disorders (4.92%), Aflatoxicosis (4.54%) and Miscellaneous disease conditions (3.40%). The findings indicated that IBD is still a fatal disease causing greatly economically harmed the small scale broiler farmers at Dinajpur district.

Knowledge Management: Journal