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Allelopathy and Allelochemicals in Rice Weed Management

Md. Asaduzzaman
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207,Bangladesh

Shamima Sultana
Department of Agriculture, College of Development Alternative, Dhaka-1209,Bangladesh

Mohammad Mahbub Islam
Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Allelopathy is described as both beneficial and deleterious biochemical interaction between plant and weeds, and/or plants and microorganisms through the production of chemical compounds that escape into the environment and subsequently influence the growth and development of neighboring plants. The allelopathic potential of rice has received enough attention especially against suppression the rice most common weeds including Heteranthera limosa and Echinochloa crus-galli. Separately, allelochemicals affect on plant growth and development through declining soil properties. In present situation of Bangladesh, natural herbicide or allelochemicals may be considered instead of synthetic herbicides to suppress weeds in rice crultivation. Therefore, it has enough scope to conduct such researches that will contribute to safe our environment as well as increase food safety.

Keywords: Allelopathy, Allelochemical, Weed and Rice

Location: Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. The main objectives of this review paper to focus the importancy of allelopathy in crop cultivation as well as role of allelochemicals as natural herbicides in rice.

Methodology:

Allelopathy in Rice - To establish an alternative strategy to weed management in rice for sustainable agriculture the phenomenon “allelopathy” has been a subject of continued research for a long time and already a large number of rice varieties have found to suppress the several weed species when grown together under field and laboratory conditions. The first observation of rice was made in field examination in Arkansas, USA (1988 cropping season) where about 191 of 5,000 rice accessions inhibited the growth of duck salad weed and thus finding led to a further large screening program. USDA-ARS have been screened more than 16,000 rice accessions from 99 countries and 412 rice accessions shown the allelopathic potentiality against Heteranthera limosa and 145 rice accessions shown the allelopathic potentiality against Ammannia coccinea Several field screening was made in different countries such as Egypt, Korea, Japan, India, Thailand, United States and little bit in Bangladesh. In Egypt, more than 40 out of 1000 (were screened) rice varieties shown inhibitory activity with they were associate with Echinichola crusgalli and Cyperus difformis and suggesting that genetic variation is the main factor to environment. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) developed a laboratory method for screening whole-plant bioassay for allelopathic rice screening to eliminate the effects of competitive interference for resources between rice and test plants. Interestingly using this method, inhibitory activity of 111 rice varieties in Philippines has shown inconsistent between laboratory and field trails. However in both laboratory screening and field experiments revealed that rice allelopathy is active both monocot and dicot weeds whereas laboratories screenings for allelopathic in rice have also been undertaken and found that a marked difference among rice varieties for weed species inhibition activity and suggesting that different rice cultivars are capable to suppress particular weed species. Rice Allelochemicals - The exploiting research for isolating and identifying rice allelochemicals has started but has not yet yielded chemicals that could allelopathic effect. There is no evidence of the exact known chemicals released from rice can alone explain the weed suppression seen in the laboratory and fields. Several studies have been conducted by various authors for it.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS JOURNAL; ISSN: 1998-2003, Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Page: 01-14, May-June, 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The allelopathic potential of rice has received enough attention especially against suppression the rice most common weeds including Heteranthera limosa and Echinochloa crus-galli. Separately, allelochemicals affect on plant growth and development through declining soil properties. In present situation of Bangladesh, natural herbicide or allelochemicals may be considered instead of synthetic herbicides to suppress weeds in rice cultivation. Therefore, it has enough scope to conduct such researches that will contribute to safe our environment as well as increase food safety.

Knowledge Management: Journal