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Relative Dependence on the Aerial Respiration of the Indigenous Catfish, Heteropeneustes Fossilis

M. Niamul Naser
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Maria Zaman
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The minimum level of dissolved oxygen (DO) and other parameters in water required for the normal life of H. fossilis were measured. Different water parameters in the aquaria showed that the fish died from PNR (point of no return) not only for low dissolved oxygen (0.1 mg/l), but also for the significant change in important water parameters like ammonia (30.37 mg/l), carbon dioxide (374.8 mg/l), water conductivity (85.5 mg/l), and total hardness (148 mg/l) of water. H. fossilis survived in an extremely low DO level of water (0.1 mg/l) provided that the concentrations of other factors like ammonia and carbon dioxide of the water were suitable. The fishes were survived by aerial respiration when the ammonia and carbon dioxide levels were low. Key words:

Keywords: Heteropneustes fossilis, Oxygen consumption, Physico-chemical parameters.

Location: Advanced Fisheries Research Laboratory at the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

The objective of the present study is to determine the oxygen consumption of juvenile and adult H. fossilis, to determine the minimum oxygen level that causes point of no return (PNR) to the fish. Relationships to some of the water quality such as pH, temperature, carbon dioxide, ammonia, total hardness and nitrite were also looked into.

Methodology:

In each experiment five aquaria were used. Of them three aquaria were sealed with cork to prevent atmospheric mixing of oxygen. Fourth aquarium was kept uncapped, while the 5th aquarium was considered as 'control' by keeping the lid open with no fish. The experiments were conducted in the following design. First experiment = Aquaria (1-4) each contains 9 junenile fishes, length 12-15 cm of each; total wt. 550 g. Second experiment = Aquaria (1-4) each contains 9 juvenile fishes, length 11-15 cm of each; total wt. 550 g. Third experiment = Aquaria (1-4) each contains 4 adult fishes, length 23- 29.5 cm of each; total wt. 350 g. Some physico-chemical variables of water were measured. They were water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia, nitrite, carbondioxide, total hardness and water conductivity. The oxygen consumption and toxic ammonia level were determined by the following equation. DO consumption (mg/l per h) = 0.149 (DO conc.) 0.0668 (Wong 1984), Toxic ammonia = (mg/l as N x value from experiment) / 100 x 1.2 (Manual of HACH). Temperature was measured by a digital temperature meter (Talwan) and pH measured by a pH meter (Hanna, Italy). Dissolved oxygen was determined by a Dissolved Oxygen Meter (LT Latron DO 5509-UK). Water conductivity was measured by TDS meter- (Hanna, Italy). Other water quality parameters: toxic ammonia, carbon dioxide, total hardness and nitrite were measured by Water Ecology Kits (HACH. FF2, USA).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 34(2): 229-236, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, the shing fish has low oxygen demand and can survive in the environment where no other fish species can survive. It was seen through this experiment that the minimum oxygen requirement level of the shing was 0.1 mg/l. The fish died not only for low oxygen level in water but also for the toxic effects of carbon dioxide and ammonia. It was also observed that the fish survived some days by aerial respiration in 0 mg/l oxygen level in water. Besides changes in pH, conductivity and total hardness also play a role in the healthiness of fish. From the present study it is concluded that to keep the quality of water in fish-tub in market, a periodical change of water is needed.

Knowledge Management: Journal