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Prevalence of Haemonchosis of Goats at Rajshahi District in Bangladesh

L. Nahar
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M. J. U. Sarder
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M. H. Mondal
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymenshingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. O. Faruque
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymenshingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Rahman
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted in the Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, during March, 2011 to February, 2012. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of temperature, humidity and rainfall in different months on the prevalence of haemonchosis of goats in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. A total of 720 samples were examined, of these (416) 57.8% goats were found positive for Haemonchus spp. infection. The highest prevalence was observed in the month of July (82.1 %) followed by August (79.7 %) and lowest in the January (28.3 %) followed by February (38.7 %). It was also observed that temperature (29.8°?), relative humidity (86%) and rainfall (146.0 mm) in the month of July was favourable for the egg laying, hatching and survival of infective larvae on the pasture. On the other hand, all the factors like temperature, humidity and rainfall was recorded lowest as 17.5°?, 79%, 5.5 mm respectively which was unfavourable for the reproduction and survival of infective larvae in the month of the January. The current study revealed that haemonchosis is an important and common parasitic disease and requires special attention for its control. The prevalence among different months when compared statistically (Chi-square test and DMRT) revealed significant (P=0.001) differences. So, it is concluded that, month of the year, temperature, humidity and rainfall has significance effect on the prevalence of haemonchosis in goats. Considering those factors control should be carried out in and around Bangladesh to improve our goat production.

Keywords: Haemonchosis, Goats, Month, Bangladesh

Location: Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-03-2011

End Date: 00-02-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

To determine the effects of mean temperature, relative humidity and total rainfall on monthly occurrence of H. spp. infection in Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The present study was designed to assess the month-wise prevalence of haemonchosis of goats in the district of Rajshahi, Bangladesh and was conducted at Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, University of Rajshahi during the period starting from March 2011 to February 2012. In this cross-sectional study, a total 720 goats were selected from the villages, farms, pastures, veterinary hospitals and abattoirs by using simple random sampling method and examined for Haemonchus spp. infection. Faecal samples were collected by a two-finger procedure from the rectum of goats and were collected in 4% formalin in suitable airtight containers, such as screw-cap bottles and plastic bags with unique labels. At necropsy, abomasa were collected after slaughtering and evisceration of the goat in nearby slaughterhouses in the study area. For every sample, the information on month of collection was recorded using a questionnaire. The faecal samples and abomasa were brought into the Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi for the presence of eggs and identification of Haemonchus spp. respectively.

Faecal samples were examined by direct smear and floatation techniques for the presence of Haemonchus spp. eggs. Eggs of Haemonchus spp. were identified on the basis of morphology. Each abomasum was opened along with the lesser curvature placing on the tray and the contents were placed in a jar containing water. The mucosa was cleaned under running tap water and the washings drained into the bucket, and clean water was added to it to make the desired volume. After thorough stirring, an aliquot of 1:20 was removed from the washings of the abomasum, into a container containing normal saline. All the data that were collected entered to MS Excel sheet and analyzed by SPSS version 19. The monthly value was compared using by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) made by Steel and Torrie (1980). Descriptive statistics was also used to determine the prevalence of haemonchosis and Chi-square test (χ 2 ) was used to look the significant difference between months of the year with haemonchosis of goats. The confidence level was held at 95% and P<0.05 were set for significance.

Source of Information: Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 29-36 ISSN: 1729-7893

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the current study, the highest percentage of haemonchosis was recorded during the month of June followed by August which might be due to the optimum conditions (hot and humid climate) leading to the development and marked increase in the infective stage (L3) in the pasture. In the context of above discussion, it is concluded that goats should be regularly dewormed at the start rainy season and at least once again in December to control such a highly endemic parasitic disease .

Knowledge Management: Journal