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Use of Neem Extract in Controlling Root-knot Nematode (meloidogyne Javanica) of Sweet-gourd

L. Yasmin
Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. H. Rashid
Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. Nazim Uddin
Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. S. Hossain
Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. E. Hossain
World Vision, Phulpur, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. U. Ahmed
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Extract of neem (Azadirachta indica.L) seed was used to control the root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica of sweet gourd. Extract of neem seed was found to be leathal to the juvenile of M. javanica compared to the extracts of bark and leaf of neem. Pot experiment with standard `S` concentration of all the extracts both in side drench and root-dipping methods appeared to give significant suppression in root galling, L₂ and L₃ population of the nematode. Identical response among the treatments with respect of plant growth characters was attributed to the synthesis of less toxic metabolites in the immature neem seeds used in the study. Positive correlation between gall number and eggmass indicated higher activity of the nematode allowing more adult females to develop with the production of increased number of eggmasses.

Keywords: Sweet-gourd, Neem extract, Root-knot nematode

Location: Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Sweet gourd

Objectives:

To see the effect of extract of neem seed, bark and leaf on the incidence of root-knot of sweet-gourd caused by Meloidogyne javanica.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted both in the laboratory and glass house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The efficacy of different concentrated solutions of neem seed, bark and leaf extract in reducing the incidence of root-knot of sweet-gourd was evaluated in two individual sets of pot experiments. One set was conducted with treatments applied as side dressing and soil drench after 5 days of inoculation and other set was conducted with seedlings root-dipping in liquid treatments before 2 days of inoculation. Sand, sandy loam soil and well-decomposed cowdung (2:2:1) mixed and sterilized with formaldehyde solution at the rate of 30% and covered by polyethene for 72 h without disturbance. After 72 h the polyethene was removed and the soils were air-dried for 48 h in order to remove toxic gasses of formaldehyde. Earthen pot was filled with 5kg sterilized and dried soil. Experiment was set up in the glass house. One seedling was planted in each pot. There were seven treatments with 5 replications i.e. T₁ = control, T₂ = neem seed extract (side drench), T₃ = neem seed extract (root dipping at the time of transplanting), T₄ = neem bark extract (side branch), T₅ = neem bark extract (root-dipping) T₆ = neem leaf extract (side drench) and T₇ = neem leaf extract (root-dipping). Different growth characters of plants, gall incidence and the growth stages of the nematode within the treated as well as treated plants were studied. Data were analyzed statistically to find out the level of significance.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Plant Pathology, 2(3): 161-168, 2003, ISSN 1680-8193

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: 10.3923/ppj.2003.161.168; URL: http://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ppj.2003.161.168

Funding Source:

1. Government	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present research was conducted with unripe (immature) neem seed. It is quite obvious that mature seeds of neem synthesize more metabolic substances like azadirachtin and other closely related metabolites-vepaol, isovepaol and nimibidin which have been stated to be antifeedant and growth inhibitor of insects. Such synthesized metabolites in mature seeds of neem accumulate in more concentrate from and are likely to be more lethal to the plant pathogen including nematodes allowing better plant growth.

Knowledge Management: Journal