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Essential Oils of Leaves and Rhizomes of Kaempferia Galanga Linn.

MD. NAZRUL ISLAM BHUIYAN
BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong; Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.

JARIPA BEGUM
BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong; Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.

M. N. ANWAR*
Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Kaempferia galanga Linn. leaf and rhizome oils, obtained by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). One hundred and eight components were identified in the leaf oil. The major components were linoleoyl chloride (21.42%), caryophyllene oxide (11.75%), cubenol (9.66%) and caryophyllene (5.60%). Eighty one components were identified in rhizome oil with the main components being 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl),-ethyl ester (63.36%), ethyl cinnamate (6.31%), 4-cyclooctene -1-methanol (4.61%), caryophyllene oxide (4.37%) and limonene (3.22%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively.

Keywords: Essential oil, GC-MS analysis, Linoleoyl chloride, 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-ethyl ester.

Location: BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong, during December 2007

Start Date: 00-12-2007

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To determine the chemical composition of leaf and rhizome oils of K. galanga. These features allow it to be identified for medicinal use and classified among the other ginger oils available in the international market.

Methodology:

PLANT MATERIAL The plant materials of Kaempferia galanga was collected from the plants grown in the campus of BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong, during December 2007. The specimen was identified and one-voucher specimen (Y-984) was deposited in the herbarium of BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong. Extraction of essential oil Samples of leaf was harvested from healthy, two-year-old plants. Freshly harvested leaves (500 g ) and rhizome (200 g) were grounded in a blender separately. The grounded leaves and rhizome were subjected to hydrodistillation using a modified Clevenger-type glass apparatus for 4 h for isolation of oils separately. The oil samples were stored at 0°C in air-tight containers after drying them over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered before Undertaking the GC-MS analysis. GC-MS analysis The essential oil from leaves and rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga were analyzed by GC-MS electron impact ionization (EI) method on GC-17A gas chromatograph (Shimadzu) coupled to a GC-MS QP 5050A Mass Spectrometer (Shimadzu); fused silica capillary column (30m x 0.25mm; 0.25 mm film thickness), coated with DB-5 (J&W); column temperature 100^oC (2 min) to 250^oC at the rate of 3^oC/min; carrier gas, helium at constant pressure of 90Kpa. Acquisition parameters full scan; scan range 40-350 amu. Identification of the compounds Compound identification was done by comparing the NIST library data of the peaks with those reported in literature, mass spectra of the peaks with literature data . Percentage composition was computed from GC peak areas on DB-5 column without applying correction factors.

Source of Information: The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1 &2): pp. 65-76 , 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

One hundred and eight components were identified in the leaf oil. The major components were linoleoyl chloride (21.42%), caryophyllene oxide (11.75%), cubenol (9.66%) and caryophyllene (5.60%). Eighty one components were identified in rhizome oil with the main components being 2-propenoic acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl),-ethyl ester (63.36%), ethyl cinnamate (6.31%), 4-cyclooctene -1-methanol (4.61%), caryophyllene oxide (4.37%) and limonene (3.22%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively.

Knowledge Management: Journal