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Volatile Constituents of Essential Oils Isolated from Leaf and Inflorescences of Piper Longum Linn.

MD. NAZRUL ISLAM BHUIYAN
BCSIR Laboratories, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.

JARIPA BEGUM
BCSIR Laboratories, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh.

M. N. ANWAR*
*Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Essential oil compositions of the inflorescences and leaf of Piper longum Linn. were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). P. longum oils were found to contain few monoterpene hydrocarbons, a moderate content of sesquiterpenes and high content of aliphatic hydrocarbons. The inflorescences oil rich in eugenol (33.11%), caryophyllene (9.29%), cinnamyl acetate (5.91%) and ß-pinene (4.74%), whereas leaf oil rich in trans-nerolidol (19.08%), caryophyllene (12.25%), 3-heptene, 7-phenyl- (3.71%), benzyl benzoate (3.68%), caryophyllene oxide (3.62%) and β-elemene (3.28%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively.

Keywords: Piper longum, Essential oils, GC-MS analysis, Eugenol, Transnerolidol.

Location: BCSIR Laboratories, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong

Start Date: 00-06-2007

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

The present study deals with the investigation of the chemical components in leaf and inflorescences oils of P. longum grown in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Plant material The plant materials of Piper longum were collected from the plants grown in the campus of BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong during June 2007. The specimen was identified by Dr. Mohammad Yusuf, Ex-Director-in-charge,BCSIR Labs.Ctg. One-voucher specimen (Y-685) was deposited in the herbarium of BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong. Extraction of essential oil Samples of leaf were harvested from healthy, well-grown, two-year-old plants. Samples of fresh leaves (700g) and the fresh inflorencences (500g) were ground in a blender. The materials were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger glass apparatus upto 4 h for isolation of oils separately from the two parts. The oil samples were stored at 0°C in air-tight containers after drying them over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure at room temperature to obtain the essential oil for GC-MS analyses. GC-MS analysis The essential oil from leaf and inflorencences of Piper longum were analyzed by GC-MS electron impact ionization (EI) method on GC-17A gas chromatograph (Shimadzu) coupled to a GC-MS QP 5050A Mass Spectrometer (Shimadzu); fused silica capillary column (30m x 0.25mm; 0.25 µm film thickness), coated with DB-5 (J&W); column temperature 100^oC (2 min) to 250^oC at the rate of 3^oC/min; carrier gas, helium at constant pressure of 90Kpa. Acquisition parameters full scan; scan range 40-350 amu. Identification of the compounds Compound identification was done by comparing the NIST library data of the peaks with those reported in literature, mass spectra of the peaks with literature data . Percentage composition was computed from GC peak areas on DB-5 column without applying correction factors.

Source of Information: The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 3(1 &2): pp. 77-85, 2008.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The inflorescences oil rich in eugenol (33.11%), caryophyllene (9.29%), cinnamyl acetate (5.91%) and ß-pinene (4.74%), whereas leaf oil rich in trans-nerolidol (19.08%), caryophyllene (12.25%), 3-heptene, 7-phenyl- (3.71%), benzyl benzoate (3.68%), caryophyllene oxide (3.62%) and β-elemene (3.28%). The compositions of both oils varied qualitatively and quantitatively.

Knowledge Management: Journal