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Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture: an Investigation of Vulnerability and Adaptation of the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

M. T. Sikder
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University, Bangladesh

M. K. Uddin
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

M. Shammi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

I. Ara
Department of Geography & Environment¸ Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh

A.K. Majumder
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University, Bangladesh

J. D. Biswas
Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh is one of the worst affected countries that are facing the early impacts of climate change particularly in agricultural sector. The coastal area of Bangladesh is naturally susceptible to natural disaster whereas climate change asserts a new depressing effect on the lives and agronomy of the coastal area. The aim of this work is to assess the impact of climate changes on agriculture in the coastal area of Bangladesh. The study was based on long-term climatic and crop productivity data, regional climatic scenarios and impact analysis of different aspects of climate change on agriculture. The study reveals that the crops yield would be negatively impacted by rise in temperature, erratic rainfall, flooding, droughts, salinity, etc. and among which water logging and drainage congestion are the major problems. The ecological conditions are more vulnerable which is very likely to be alerted though slowly but surely due to climate change and sea level rise. Dependency on fertilizer and irrigation is increasing which leads to permanent fertility loss of the land, loss of biodiversity, extinction of local verities, ground water scarcity, loss the sustainability of production. However, adaptations to climate change like agronomic manipulations, sustainable climate-resilient agriculture, shifting the planting dates, using short duration crop cultivars can reduce vulnerabilities, delay the process and increase food security.

Keywords: Climate variant, Vegetation, Sustainability, Adaptations

Location: Noakhali,Barisal, Bagerhat, Potuakhali and Satkhira district

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

1. To understand the impact of climate change and climate variability at the local community of the coastal area with special emphasis on agriculture, 2. To assess the vulnerability and the adaptations practices due to climate change.

Methodology:

For this study, the coastal area particularly Noakhali, Barisal, Bagerhat, Potuakhali and Satkhira district was selected. The whole study was conducted by collection of secondary information on various aspects related to agriculture and livelihood particularly in the coastal region was done through literature review, Upazila Land Resource Utilization Guide of Soil Resource Development Institute, socioeconomic and statistical data from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Climate data were collected form Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Crop considered under this study are rice (Aus, Aman and Boro), wheat, maize, potato, sugarcane, soybean, chickpea and peanut.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 2(2): 183- 188 , 2009; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Improvement in the crop-based weather and flood forecasting systems, early warning system, improving drainage, cultivating adaptive crops, developing technology for floating bed agriculture, rice + fish culture and organized fisheries, etc. are some of the options for water logged areas. The impact of climate change on agriculture is undeniable and will most certainly worsen if governments and donors fail to take suitable steps right now. Climate change is affecting both the quality and quantity of the production. Bangladesh urgently needs support to develop climate-resilient agriculture for its people to survive and prosper in the long term.

Knowledge Management: Journal