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Effect of Osmopriming on the Emergence of Maize (zea Mays L.) Seedling

K. U. AHAMMAD
Senior Scientific Officer
RARS, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI),Jessore

M. M. RAHMAN
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymansingh, Bangladesh

M. AHMED
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymansingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research work was carried out at the Seed Laboratory of Agronomy Department of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during the period from March to November in 2008 to find out the effect of different osmopriming techniques on seedling emergence of maize. Seventeen osmopriming techniques viz., T₁= 1% Na₂SO₄, T₂ = 3% Na₂SO₄, T₃= 5% Na₂SO₄, T₄ = 1% K₂HPO₄_, T₅= 3% K₂HPO₄, T₆ = 5% K₂HPO₄, T₇ = 1% ZnSO₄, T₈ = 3% ZnSO₄, T₉ = 5% ZnSO₄, T₁₀ = 1% Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, T₁₁ = 3% Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, T₁₂ = 5% Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, T₁₃= 1% H₂O₂, T₁₄ = 3% H₂O₂, T₁₅ = 5% H₂O₂, T₁₆= Hydropriming, T₁₇ = Non-priming (control) were used as experimental variables. Different osmopriming methods on seedling emergence performance of maize was evaluated at two moisture levels viz., 30 and 60% moisture of saturated sand in the experiment. Germination percentage, germination index and mean germination time were influenced significantly by osmopriming methods. Seed priming with 3% ZnSO₄ showed the highest seedling emergence which was followed by 1% H₂O₂ and 3% Ca (H₂PO₄)_2.

Keywords: Maize, Osmopriming, Emergence

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To study the effects of seed priming in plant stand establishment of maize. The present study was therefore, undertaken to study the effect of different osmopriming techniques on seedling emergence of maize.

Methodology:

The research was conducted at the Seed Laboratory of Agronomy Department of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from March to November in 2008. Seventeen osmopriming treatments were T₁ = 1% Na₂SO₄, T₂ = 3% Na₂SO₄, T₃ = 5% Na₂SO₄, T₄= 1% K₂HPO₄, T₅ = 3% K₂HPO₄, T₆ = 5% K₂HPO₄_, T₇= 1% ZnSO₄, T₈ = 3% ZnSO₄_, T₉ = 5% ZnSO₄, T₁₀ = 1% Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, T₁₁ = 3% Ca(H₂PO₄)₂, T₁₂ = 5% Ca(H₂PO₄)_2, T₁₃ = 1% H₂O₂_, T₁₄ = 3% H₂O₂, T₁₅= 5% H₂O₂, T₁₆ = Hydropriming, and T₁₇ = Non-priming (control). The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with three replications. For each of these chemicals 1, 3, and 5% solutions were prepared by adding 2, 6, and 10g chemicals, respectively, in 200 ml distilled water. For H2O2, 1, 3. and 5% solution were created by adding 2, 6, and 10 ml H₂O₂ in 198, 194, and 190 ml water, respectively. Three hundred seeds of maize (var. BARI Hybrid Maize-5) were taken in plastic bowl and were dipped in the osmotic solution as per experimental specification. After 18 hours of soaking, the seeds were taken out from the bowl and washed under tap water for several times. Then it was surface dried for two hours under shade. Hydropriming was done by dipping 300 seeds in 200 ml water. Plastic pots (21 cm diameter and 9 cm depth) were filled with 2.5 kg dried sand. Two levels of moisture viz., 30% and 60% moisture of the saturated sand was created in the pot sand by adding 195 and 390 ml distilled water, respectively. Fifty seeds were placed in the sand at 2 cm depth maintaining equal distance from seed to seed on 11 March 2008. The seedling emergence performance was tested at 30 and 60% moisture of saturated sand. After seed placement in the pot no water was added in the sand until completion of the experiment. The trial was repeated twice on 20 October and 10 November 2008. Data on germination percentage, germination index, and mean germination time were recorded Data were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA technique through computer based statistical package programme MSTATC. Arc sine transformations were done for percentage data where applicable before the analysis (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). Mean comparison was done by Duncun’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 427-435, September 2014 ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Good seedling establishment is very important for successful maize production because the crop has no capacity to adjust sub-optimal stand by tillering. Seed priming could be used as a viable technology to improve seedling establishment. Rapid and uniform emergence and yield improvement have been achieved by seed priming in vegetables. Osmopriming helps improving germination in many crop seeds. The results of the experiment showed that germination percentage, germination index, and mean germination time varied significantly due to different osmopriming treatments. The highest emergence of maize seed was noticed with osmopriming by 3% ZnSO₄. The emergence performance of osmoprimed seeds was also better than hydroprimed seed. Some metabolic and physiological changes occur in the primed seeds which are helpful for faster growth of embryo. Moreover, seed priming contribute to earlier DNA replication, increased RNA and protein synthesis, greater ATP availability, repair of deteriorated seed parts and reduced leakage of metabolites. As a result, osmoprimed seed increase emergence, reduce seedling germination time and improve stand establishment of maize. The result indicated that better seed emergence could be achieved by osmopriming with 3% ZnSO₄ solution. Osmoprimed seed of maize also gave better performance in seed emergence than non-primed seed either at optimum condition or even at stressful environment. So, osmoprimed seed could be used as a tool to improve seedling emergence and better seedling establishment.Osmopriming of maize seed with 3% ZnSO₄ solution gave best emergence under laboratory condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal