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Occurrence of Leaf and Pod Diseases of Sissoo (dalbergia Sissoo Roxb.) in Bangladesh

Shamim Shamsi
Professor
Professor, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. Email: prof.shamsi@gmail.com

Razia Sultana
M.Phil Studen
M.Phil Student, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Aana Azad
M.Phil Studen
MS Student, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to identify fungi associated with diseased leaves and pods of sisso tree (Dalbergia. sissoo Roxb (Sisam). Associated fungi were isolated and identified following standard methods. The associated fungi with leaves were Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler, Pseudocercospora dalbergiae (Sun) Yen, Chalara sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc., Cylindrocladium sp., Fusarium solani (Mort.) Sacc., Gebberella sp., Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon and Maubol, Memnoniella sp., Phyllactinia dalbergiae Piroz. and its anamorph Ovulariopsis sissoo Shamsi, Sultana and Azad sp. nov, Tetraploa sp. and a rust fungus. From diseased pods, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was isolated. This is the first report of association of Chalara sp., Memnoniella sp. and Tetraploa sp. with Sissoo from Bangladesh.

Keywords: Mycoflora, Association, Leaves and pods, Dalbergia sissoo

Location: Dhaka, Chittagong and Pabna

Start Date: 00-10-2008

End Date: 10-01-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sisso

Objectives:

To identify fungi associated with diseased leaves and pods of Sisso trees.

Methodology:

Diseased leaf and pod samples of Sisso were collected from Dhaka, Chittagong and Pabna districts during October 2008 to January 2010. Associated symptoms were recorded. The severity of disease on leaves was estimated visually using a 0-9 subjective scale, where 0= no infection, 1= up to 10% leaf area infected, 2= 10 – 20% leaf area infected, 3=20 – 30% leaf area infected, 4= 30 – 40% leaf area infected, 5= 40 – 50% leaf area infected, 6= 50 – 60% leaf area infected, 7= 60 – 70% leaf area infected 8= 70 – 80% leaf area infected and 9= 80% and above leaf area infected (Ghos et al. 2009). Fungi associated with diseased samples were isolated following “tissue planting method" and "blotter method” (Anon. 1968). In case of “tissue planting method” fifty inocula each measuring 2 mm2 was cut from a particular specimen. The inocula were washed in sterile water and surface sterilized by dipping in 10.0% Clorox for 3-5 minutes. Three inocula were placed in each Petri plate containing sterilized potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium and incubated for 5-7 days at 25±2C. In “blotter method” moist chambers were made by placing two layers of filter paper on the bottom of the Petri plates. In each Petri plate, 5 surface sterilized inocula were placed and 10 plates were used. The inoculated plates were incubated at room temperature. The fungi growing out of the inocula were transferred to separate PDA plates and slants, and stored in a refrigerator for further studies. Prevalence of fungi associated with the specimens was expressed in percentage based on total number of leaf and pod samples checked. Identification of the isolated fungi was done using standard literature (Booth 1971, Ellis 1971, 1976, Ellis and Ellis 1982, Sutton 1980). All the specimens were preserved in the Herbarium, Mycology and Plant Pathology Section, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol. Vol. 28(1&2): 33-40

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present study revealed that at least 13 species of fungi were associated with diseased leves of Sisso tree. The leaf spot, anthracnose and powdery mildew are the major diseases of D. sissoo in Bangladesh. The environment of Savar is favorable for growth and development of most the fungi than Chittagong, Dhaka and Pabna. Association of Chalara sp., Memnoniella sp. and Tetraploa sp. with D. sissoo is new records in Bangladesh.

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