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Efficacy of Two Organic Amendments and a Nematicide to Manage Root-knot Nematode (meloidogyne Incognita) of Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum L.)

M. I. FARUK
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur,

M. L. RAHMAN2
Principal Scientific Officer
Training & Communication Wing, BARI, Gazipur

M. R. ALI
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. M. RAHMAN
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. M. H. MUSTAFA
Deputy Director
Bangladesh Rural Development Board, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted in two consecutive years to find out the efficacy of poultry refuse (PR), mustard oilcake (MOC), and Furadan 5G for the management of root-knot disease (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato. Soil was treated with PR @ 3 and 5 t/ha, MOC @ 0.3 and 0.6 t/ha 3 weeks before transplanting and Furadan 5G @ 40 kg/ha on the day of transplanting of tomato seedlings. PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @0.3 t/ha were applied alone and also mixed with Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha. The soils of the experimental plots were inoculated with chopped severely galled (M incognita) roots of tomato at the time of treatment application. In both the years, considerable reduction in rootknot disease and increase in plant growth and fruit yield were achieved with different treatments with two organic materials applied alone or mixed with Furadan 5G. The most effective treatment was PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha followed by PR alone @ 5 t/ha. Efficacy of PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @ 0.6 1/ha were also appreciable. In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively. The severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in first year and 1.73-4.07 in second year due to application of the four treatments. On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year. The highly effective four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in first year and 60.8-82.0 t/ha in second year. The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall. Based on findings of the study PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha and PR alone @ 5 t/ha were noted as effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato.

Keywords: Poultry refuse,Mustard oilcake, Furadan, Meloidogjyne incognita, Tomato

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To find out efficacy of poultry refuses, mustard oilcake, and Furadan 5G to manage root-knot nematode of tomato and to increase plant growth and yield of tomato.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted to test efficacy of two commonly available organic amendments, namely mustard oil cake (MOC) and poultry refuses (PR) and a nematicide Furadan 5G (Carbofuran) to control root-knot nematode of tomato. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive years. A total of 8 treatments including a control viz. (I) control, (ii) Furadan 5G @ 40 kg/ha, (iii) poultry refuse @ 5 t/ha, (iv) poultry refuse @ 3 t/ha, (v) poultry refuse @ 3 t/ha+ Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha, (vi) mustard oilcake @ 0.6 t/ha, (vii) mustard oil cake @ 0.3 t/ha, (viii) mustard oilcake @ 0.3 t/ha+ Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha were maintained in this experiment. The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3 m × 2 m. Standard cultivation procedures recommended by BARI were followed to grow tomato with little modification. The experimental land was prepared with proper tillage and fertilizers were added during final land preparation. Requisite quantity of fresh poultry refuse and mustard oil cake were incorporated with the soil 3 weeks before transplanting of tomato seedlings and allowed to decompose properly. Furadan 5G was applied to the experimental field just before transplanting of seedlings. To ensure inocula of the nematode, chopped severely galled tomato roots infected with M. incognita were mixed with soil around the tomato seedlings @ 2 g/plant. Twenty five days old and apparently healthy tomato seedlings of variety BARI Tomato-2 (Ratan) were transplanted in the experimental plots maintaining row to row and plant to plant distance of 60 cm and 40 cm, respectively. Ten additional seedlings per plot were also transplanted in between two rows. During crop season, necessary weeding, irrigation and other intercultural operations were done as per recommendation of the crop (Anon., 2007). The root-knot disease severity was recorded at 60 days after transplanting. The additional ten plants per plot were carefully uprooted after 60 days of transplanting and the root systems were cleaned with running tap water. Data on length and weight of shoot and root were recorded. The severity of root gall was recorded in terms of gall index based on a 0-10 scale (Zeck, 1971). Data on fruit yield were recorded from five randomly selected plants per plot. The fruit yield was expressed in t/ha.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(3) : 477-486, September 2011, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The most effective treatment was PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan 5G @ 20 kg/ha followed by PR alone @ 5 t/ha. Efficacy of PR @ 3 t/ha and MOC @ 0.6 1/ha were also appreciable. In first year and second year, gall index values were 6.50 and 6.27 under control, respectively. The severity was reduced to 2.27-4.00 in first year and 1.73-4.07 in second year due to application of the four treatments. On the other hand, fruit yield under control was 50.9 t/ha at first year and 47.6 t/ha in second year. The highly effective four treatments increased fruit yield to 71.1-82.5 t/ha in first year and 60.8-82.0 t/ha in second year. The fruit yield of tomato was directly and linearly correlated with gall indices in tomato gall. Based on findings of the study PR @ 3 t/ha + Furadan @20 kg/ha and PR alone @ 5 t/ha were noted as effective treatment to manage root-knot disease of tomato.

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