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Prevalence of Canine Parvo Virus Infection in Street Dogs Using Rapid Antigen Detection Kit

Faizul Wasima Nahat
Agronomist (Deputy Director, Projects, BARD )
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Siddiqur Rahman
Professors of Agronomy
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Roma Rani Sarker
Professors of Agronomy
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Kumrul Hassan
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

AKM Zeaul Hasan
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Layla Akter
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M Ariful Islam
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Canine parvovirus is one of the most common infectious diseases of dogs. A study was carried out to diagnose the infection of canine parvovirus in street dogs from different places of Mymensingh Town. Rectal samples were collected from January to April, 2015. A total of 114 rectal swabs were collected conveniently from street dogs of Mymensingh. The samples were diagnosed using Rapi GEN Canine Parvo Virus Ag Test Kit. The association of CPV infection with demographic variables was assessed by Chisquare test. The overall prevalence of CPV was 32.0% in dogs. The prevalence of parvovirus infection was found to be significantly higher in puppies and 6 months of age (58.3%) than those >24 months of age (p=0.005). The prevalence of canine parvovirus infection also varied significantly in different study area (p=0.003). The prevalence of canine parvovirus infection was higher in male (34.4%) than that in female (30.2%) but it was not statistically significant.

Keywords: Canine parvovirus, Street dog RapiGEN, Ag. Test Kit Prevalence, Mymensingh

Location: Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-04-2015

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To estimate the prevalence of Canine Parvo Virus (CPV) inflection in street dogs using rapid antigen detection kit.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of January 2015 to April 2015. A total of 144 rectal swab samples were collected conveniently from stray dogs of different zones (Akua, Town Hall, Amlapara, Senvari, Mintu College Road, Char Para Medical College Hospital, Boundary Road, R.K. Mission Road and Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh) of the Municipal Corporation of Mymensingh District; during the dog control programme of Municipal Corporation from January 2015 to July 2015. Rectal swab were collected before the dogs were euthanatized by the municipal authority. The dogs studied were in different ages, and mixed sexes and with no history of vaccination against canine parvo virus infection (CPV). Age, sex were recorded carefully. The age of the dog was determined by examining teeth. Health status of the dog was determined by close inspection. It was not possible to know the diarrheic status of the selected dogs. The kit is a chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of canine parvo virus antigen in canine feces. Rectal swab were collected from suspected dogs in the Municipal Corporation of Mymensingh District from different zones. These dogs were restrained by labors of Municipal Corporation of Mymensingh. These zones were selected because of the fact that these areas are known to be abundant of dog population. Those zones are also most exposed to wild reservoirs. After collection, samples were transferred aseptically in separate sterile plastic vial and kept in the ice carrier with icepack and then send to the laboratory of the Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. All the tasks comprising of the collection of samples up to screening of CPV was performed following strict bio-security measures. Collection of samples was performed wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves, masks, apron along with proper disinfection of the clothing and other appliances. After collection the samples were transported using aseptic packaging into the laboratory. Fecal samples were collected with the stick of collection device or swab. Care was taken to avoid heavy contamination of stick (swab) with extraneous material. The stick (swab) was inserted into the bottle and securely fit the top portion onto the base. Then the bottle was agitated assembly for 10 seconds by shaking vigorously to ensure good sample extraction. The test device was removed from its sealed pouch by tearing along the notch. The top of the samples were snapped into the collection device. 3 - 4 drops was dispensed into the sample well(s) by squeeze and was waited for 10 minute but result was got within 5 - 10 min. The test result was recorded by observing the color band by naked eye. Results of the tests were interpreted within 10 minutes by visual observation of single band for negative control, double band for positive test. A color band will appear in the left section of the result window to show that the test is working properly which is known as the control band (C). The right section of the result window indicates the test results. If another color band appears in the right section of the result window, this band is the test band (T). The presence of only one band within the result window indicates a negative result. The presence of two color bands (T and C) within the result window, no matter which band appears first, indicates a positive result. If the purple color band is not visible within the result window after performing the test, the result is considered invalid .

Source of Information: Res. Agric. Livest. Fish., Vol. 2, No. 3, December 2015: 459-464, (ISSN : P-2409-0603, E-2409-9325)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Canine parvo virus infection in the street dogs of Mymensingh is highly prevalent (32%). As the disease is preventable, so vaccination should be initiated to prevent the occurrence of disease.

Knowledge Management: Journal