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Effects of Organic and Inorganic Sources of K on Rice Yield and Soil K Balance in the Rice-rice Cropping System

P. K. SAHA
Principal Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701.

M. AKTER
Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701,

M. A. M. MIAH
Ex-Chief Scientific Officer and Head,
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701.

S. K. ZAMAN
Chief Scientific Officer and Head
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted through T. Aman 2003–Boro 2008 at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur Farm with a view to determining the appropriate dose of K fertilizer in soils under double rice cropping system and to find out the alternative source of K for wet land rice cultivation. Four levels of inorganic K (0, 33, 50 & 66 kg K/ha and farmers’ practice from MoP) and one recycling of rice straw 4.5 t/ha (dry basis) were tested. Incorporation of rice straw into soil contributed significantly to grain yield in successive growing seasons comparable with inorganic K fertilizer. In clay- loam soil, K at the rate of 50 kg K/ha should be applied to obtain the maximum yield in both T. Aman and Boro rice seasons. Rice straw may be a potential alternative source of K for sustaining soil K fertility and maximizing rice yield. Agronomic use efficiency of K decreased with increasing K levels. A narrower balance of K was observed when rice straw or a higher dose of inorganic K fertilizer was used.

Keywords: K, rice yield, Soil K balance, Rice straw

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To finding out the appropriate dose of K fertilizer in soils of the investigated area for existing cropping pattern.
To find out the alternative source of K for wet land rice cultivation.

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at the BRRI farm, Gazipur (AEZ 28, Madhupur Tract, Medium High Land) during T. Aman 2003 to Boro 2008. The soil of the experimental field was clay-loam in texture and slightly acidic in reaction (pH 6.1). Organic matter, total N, available P, and exchangeable K of the soil were 2.02%, 0.07%, 10 ppm, and 0.17 meq/l00 g soil, respectively. The available S and Zn (EDTA extracted) contents of the soil were 6.1 ppm and 2.8 ppm, respectively. Six doses of potassium were tested. These were: K control (K0), 33 kg K/ha (K33), 50 kg K/ha (K50), 66 kg K/ha (K6), farmers’ K fertilizer rates based on 25 local farmers (KFP) and recycling of rice straw 4.5 t/ha/crop as oven dry basis (K0+CR). Nutrient contents in rice straw are N-0.5%, P-0.08%, K-1.5%, S-0.09%, and Zn-43 ppm. The soil test based flat doses of N, P, S, and Zn were applied to all the plots. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in 3 equal splits (1/3 N as basal, 1/3 N at active tillering stage and 1/3 N at 7 days before panicle initiation stage). All other fertilizers (P, K, S & Zn) were applied at the final land preparation. Chopping rice straw of the previous crop @ 4.5 t/ha as oven dry basis were incorporated into soil 10-14 days before transplanting. Thirty days old seedlings of T. Aman rice and 40 days old seedlings of Boro rice were transplanted at 20 cm × 20 cm spacing. In T. Aman season, BRRI dhan31 and in Boro season, BRRI dhan29 were tested. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design with 4 replications. Appropriate cultural and management practices including plant protection measures were taken whenever required. At maturity, the crop was harvested from 5 m²area at the centre part of each plot and 16 hills were collected for straw yield. The grain yield was recorded at 14% moisture content and straw yield as oven dry basis. Potassium content of plant samples were determined by standard analytical procedure using di-acid mixture (nitric and perchloric acid at the ratio 5:2) (Yoshida et al., 1972). Data were statistically analyzed using IRRI STAT version 4.1 (IRRI, 1998). Economic analysis was done using standard procedure.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(2) : 305-311, June 2011, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In clay- loam soil, K at the rate of 50 kg K/ha should be applied to obtain the maximum yield in both T. Aman and Boro rice seasons. Rice straw may be a potential alternative source of K for sustaining soil K fertility and maximizing rice yield. Agronomic use efficiency of K decreased with increasing K levels. A narrower balance of K was observed when rice straw or a higher dose of inorganic K fertilizer was used.

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