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Experimental Studies on Storage of Paddy in Traditional Systems

B.K. Bala,
Associate Professor
Dept. of FPM, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

MA Zaman
Assistant Professor
Associate Professor, Dept. of FPM, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

B K Biswas
Scientific Officer
Dept. of FPM, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A.R. Khondokar
Scietific Officer
Dept. of FPM, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted on storage of paddy in three types of traditional bamboo storage bins (dhangola, berh and dool). During the storage period, temperature, moisture content, germination capacity, insect infestation and 1000 grain weight were recorded and the changes in the quality of the stored paddy were evaluated in terms of these variables. There was an increase in temperature of stored grain from bottom to top layers in all bins for the first 120 days of storage but there was no significant difference in temperature between layers for the rest of the period. The moisture content in the top layer was greater than in the middle and bottom layers. Lower germination percentage was recorded in the grain in the top layers as compared to deeper layers due to more insect infestation. Stored grain insect (Angoumois Grain Moth) was present mainly in the top layers and more spoilage was observed. Paddy stored in dool was found to be good in terms of temperature, germination capacity and 1000 grain weight in comparison with those in berh and dhangola.

Keywords: Paddy, Storage, Temperature, Moisture content

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 18-01-1989

End Date: 30-12-1990

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the temperature, moisture content and germination capacity in different storage structures

Methodology:

Three different types of storage systems (dhangola, berh and dool) were constructed for experimental studies. The capacity of dhangola, berh and dool were 1300, 930 and 370 kg, respectively; the heights were 1.40m, 1.25m and 0.85m, respectively. Three units of each type of structure were constructed to replicate the experiments and were placed on raised platforms. The bins were placed in a building ventilated to the atmosphere. Three sampling spears were constructed to collect the grain samples for measurement of moisture content. The temperature in the dhangola and berh were measured by a digital thermometer using thermocouple sensors. The thermocouple wires were suspended at desired positions from a star shaped bamboo support resting on the top of the bin. The thermocouples were placed in the dhangola and berh at depths of 0.30m, 0.60m, and 0.90m. The temperatures in the dool at a depth of 0.2m, 0.4m and 0.6m were measured by a digital thermometer using a probe which was inserted inside the grain in the bin during measurement. The temperatures were measured four times daily. The samples of grains were collected from three positions of the bins by using sampling spears to measure the moisture content at intervals of 15 days. The moisture contents were measured by drying it in an air oven at 130.C for 16 hours. Grain samples were collected from the surface and bottom layers of the bins for measurement of germination capacity, insect infestation and 1000 grain weight, 100 grains were randomly selected for measurement of 1000 grain weight and germination test for each of four replications. 100 grains were also randomly selected for checking insect infestation of each of three replications. 100 randomly selected grains were placed on one wet newsprint and covered with another wet newsprint. The whole substrata were placed on a glass plate inclined at an angle of 45°. The bottom portion on the substrata was immersed into water to facilitate the continuous supply of water to the seeds. The germinated seeds were counted at the 7^th day 15^th day. The total of the germinated seeds was considered as the germination capacity. For measurement of 1000 grain weight, 100 randomly selected grains were weighed in a precision balance at an interval of 15 days and it was corrected for moisture content; then it was multiplied by 10. 100 randomly selected grains were checked for insect damage and damaged grains were counted at an interval of 15 days. The paddy grain for experimental studies was BR-11 and was collected from the Agricultural Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Statistical analysis was performed using the MICROSTAT software package. The Newman Keuls test was selected for use because of the added advantages of this test over the multiple t-test and l.s.d. test (wine, 1964). Newman Keuls multiple range test was performed for temperature, moisture content, insect infestation, germination capacity and 1000 grain weight. The difference of each of these parameters between any two layers for a given bin and between any two types of bins for a given layer was tested. The completely randomized design was considered in the above test.

Source of Information: Presented at First Biennial Conference 1991 held on 18-20 January, 1992 at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There was an increase in temperature from bottom to layers in all the bins for the first 120 days of storage (p<0.01) but there was no significant difference in temperature between layers for the rest of the storage period.

There was a substantial increase in moisture content on the top surfaces of the grain bins due to absorption of moisture from the humid ambient air. However, there were no significant differences in moisture changes between the bin types.

Insect infestation by angoumois grain moth was highest in the upper layers during the storage period and more spoilage was observed. No significant difference in insect infestation was noted between the bin types.

Lower germination percentage was recorded in the grain in the top layers as compared to deeper layers due to more insect infestation in all the three types of bins.

1000 grain weight was lowest in the top layer of all the structures and this indicates dry weight loss in the top layers of the structures.

All of these bins can be used for storage of seeds of paddy from harvesting to sowing season and dool is the best among the three bins.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings