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Heterosis and Qualitative Attributes in Winter Tomato (solanum Lycopersicum L.) Hybrids

M. R. ISLAM
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

S. AHMAD
Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

M. M. RAHMAN
Professor
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out at the Research Farm of Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) to evaluate the heterotic performance in F₁ generation of tomato. The hybrids showed significant variation in heterosis. The highest heterobeltiotic effects were observed in the cross P₃ x P₈ (-18.46%) for earliness, P₁ x P₆ (8.57 %) for flowers per cluster, P₂ x P₆ (21.73%) for fruits per cluster, P₆ x P₇ (75.54%) for plant height, P₅ x P₆ (67.44%) for fruits per plant, P₉ x P₁₀ (54.82 %) for yield per plant, P₂ x P₈ (21.21 %) for individual fruit weight, P₇ x P₈ (3.09 %) for fruit length, P₃ x P₈ (14.11 %) for fruit diameter and P₁ x P₆ (13.11 %) for brix content. In respect of fruit external characters like shape, pedicel area, shape of pistil scar, blossom end shape genotypes were found diverse. Internal qualitative character like firmness, fleshiness and less seeded and locule numbers were highly variable among the genotypes. Considering all the characters the crosses P₁ x P₈, P₂x P₆, P₂ x P₇, P₂ x P₈, P₃ x P₈ and P₅ x P₆ were found suitable for further studies to variety selection.

Keywords: Heterosis, Qualitative attributes, Winter tomato

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2007

End Date: 00-03-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

1. To determine the heterosis or hybrid vigor of the crossed materials.

2. To select winter hybrid varieties having desired qualities.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the research farm of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during the winter season (October to March) of 2007-2008. The location of the site was 24.000 N Latitude and 90.250 E Longitude at an elevation of 8.4 meters from the sea level (Anon., 1995). The climate of the experimental site is suited in the sub-tropical climate zone and characterized by heavy rainfall during the months of May to August and medium to low during the rest of the year. The monthly average minimum and maximum temperatures during the crop period were 17.560 C and 28.180 C, respectively. The monthly average relative humidity was 54.88 %, rainfall was 10.59mm. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam in texture having a pH around 6.0. Seeds of the selected 19 cross combinations from a half diallel cross without reciprocals and their 14 parental lines were used for the study. Recommended dose of fertilizer (550, 450, and 250 kg/ha of urea, TSP, MP, and 10 t/ha of cowdung) were applied (Razzaque et al., 2000). A tri-replicated experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design. The unit plot size was 4.8 m. x 1m accommodating 20 plants in a plot having row to row and plant to plant spacing of 60 and 40 cm, respectively. The unit plots and blocks were separated by 50 cm and 1 m space, respectively. Treatments were randomly allotted in each block. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted in the experimental field on 10 November 2007. Harvesting was started from 77 days after transplanting (27 January 2008) and continued for 35 days. Five plants were randomly selected from each unit plot for recording data. For estimation of heterosis in each character, the mean values of 19 F1s were compared with better parent (BP) for heterobeltiosis. MSTAT-C program was used for statistical analysis of the data. The recorded data for different characters were subjected to variance analysis. Genotypes means were compared by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference Test and Coefficient (CV %) were also estimated as suggested by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 39-48, March 2012, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering all the parameters, the cross combinations P₁ x P₈, P₂ x P₆, P₂ x P₇, P₂ x P₈, P₃ x P₈, P₅ x P₆showed high heterotic performance with better desirable characters, recommended for further studies as new varieties of commercial cultivation.

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