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Genetic Divergence on Quantitative Characters of Exotic Maize Inbreds (zea Mays L.)

M. G. Azam
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

U. K. Sarker
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M. A. K. Mian
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

B. R. Banik
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M. Z. A. Talukder
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Forty nine CIMMYT, India Maize inbred lines were characterized based on some morphological traits and grain yield. Genetic divergences of inbred lines of maize were estimated using D² and principal component analysis. The genotypes under study fell into five clusters. The inter cluster distance were higher than intra cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The maximum intra cluster value was observed in cluster IV and minimum in cluster V. The inter cluster D² values revealed that the maximum distance among the cluster. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II & I and the lowest inter cluster distance was illustrated in cluster III & I. The cluster means were higher for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% sillking, plant height, ear height, cob length, number of rows per cob, number of grains per row in cluster IV; cob diameter and grain yield per plant was found higher in cluster II. It is expected that crossing of inbred lines belonging high to medium D² values tend to produce high heterosis for yield.

Keywords: Maize; Divergence; Cluster analysis; Yield; Bangladesh

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

the experiment was undertaken to find out suitable genotypes that could directly be used as open pollinated variety or parents for hybrid or synthetic variety.

Methodology:

Forty nine genotypes of maize collected from CIMMYT, India were grown in a completely randomized block design with three replications at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701 (AEZ 28 and 24.00"N latitude and 900 .25"E longitude) in the season of 2010-11. The seeds were sown on November 29, 2010 the unit plot size was 25m long and intra row spacing was 75 cm and 25cm with one plant in each hill. Fertilizers were applied @ 120,80,80,20, 5 and 1 kg/ha of N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, Zn and B respectively. Standard agronomic practices were done and plant protection measures were taken when required. Data on days to 50% tasseling (DT) and silking (DS) were recorded on whole plot basis. Ten randomly selected plants were used for recording observations on grain yield/plant (g), plant height (PLHT) (cm), ear height (ERHT) (cm), Number of rows per cob, (R/COB) Number of grains per row (SEED/ROW), cob length (ERLT) (cm), cob diameter (ERDIA) (cm),1000 grain weight (TGW) (g). Genetic diversity was estimated using Mahalanabis generalized distance (D2 ) extended by Rao (1952). Tocher’s method was followed to determine the group constellation. Canonical variate analysis was also performed as per Rao (1964) to confirm the results of cluster D2 analysis. The data were analyzed using GENSTAT 5.0 and SPSS 11.6 software program.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 26(2): 09-14, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering plant architecture and other traits the inbreds are clustered into 5 diverged groups. It is expected that inbred lines belonging high to medium D² values tend to produce high heterosis for yield. On the basis of the findings of the present study, it can be recommended that the genotypes from cluster III, IV and V were selected to be the better parents for future hybridization program to obtain desirable segregates in respect of different yield and yield contributing characters. Hence major emphasis should be given on them for selecting parents for hybridization in maize.

Knowledge Management: Journal