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Raising Fish Seeds of Barbodes Gonionotus Bleeker in Rice Fields

M. Ashrafuzzaman
Department of Fisheries, Baliadangi, Tagoregaon

M. D. R. Das
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Sub-station, Saidpur, Nilphamari

M. M. J. Uddin
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. S. Dewan
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field study was conducted to optimize the stocking density of Thai Sarpunti, Barbodes gonionotus seeds in rice fields to produce fingerlings over a period of 90 days during aman season (September to December). Fifteen-day-old fries of B. gonionotus were stocked at two different densities viz., 50,000 fries ha-1 and 75,000 fries ha-1 in treatment-I (T₁) and treatment-II (T₂) respectively. Treatment-III (T₃) was kept as control without fish to compare the production of rice grain and straw with those of treatments with fish. All the rice plots were fertilized with 178 kg ha^-1 Urea, 125 kg ha^-1 TSP and 67 kg ha^-1 MP. The average recovery rates of fish were 32% in T₁ and 26% in T₂. Fish exhibited higher growth rate in T₁ than in T₂ by average increase, net increase and percentage of increase in length and weight. Similar to recovery and growth rate, higher yields of fish (123.37 kg ha^-1 in gross and 119.86 kg ha^-1 in net) were recorded in T₁ than in T₂ (87.73 kg ha^-1 in gross and 83.17 kg ha^-1in net). The gross income obtained was Tk. 12,000 ha^-1 in T₁ and Tk. 9,750 ha^-1 in T₂ and the net income was recorded Tk. 11,050 ha^-1 in T₁and Tk. 8,550 ha^-1 in T₂. The benefit-cost ratio was also higher in T₁ (11.63) than in T₂ (7.13). Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were calculated in case of yields of fish as well as benefit-cost ratio when compared with T₁ and T₂. Rice grain yield was found to increase by 16.7% in T₁and 19.4% in T₂ than T₃ and the difference was significant (P<0.01) between the treatments with fish and without fish. Significantly higher (P<0.01) straw yield was also obtained in treatments with fish than without fish and the increment was 20.5% in T₁ and 23.5% in T₂ when compared with T₃. In conclusion, rice fields can successfully be used as the rearing ground for B. gonionotus in terms of survival, production and economic returns. Key words: B. gonionotus, Density, Rice-fish

Keywords: B. gonionotus, Density, Rice-fish system, Survival, Yield, Income

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-09-2009

End Date: 00-12-2009

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fish, Rice

Objectives:

1. The study also aimed to optimize the stocking density of B. gonionotus fries under ricefish system in relation to recovery rate, yield and net profit. We also determined the effect of fish on the yield of rice grain and straw.

Methodology:

Preparation of the plots - An experiment on raising B. gonionotus seeds in rice fields was conducted for a period of three months during aman season at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Nine rectangular experimental plots each of 160 m²were selected. Rainwater and underground water from the farm deep tube-well were the sources of water supply to the experimental plots during the wet and dry periods respectively. Small water channels (0.5m width and 0.3m depth) were made between the plots to supply water to the plots. A common inlet and outlet was constructed on the dikes of each plot to regulate water depth. Metal screens (0.5 cm) were placed at the outlet and inlet to prevent entrance of undesirable fish species fish and escapement of stocked fish. For the convenience of fish movements and also to provide refuge for fish during high water temperature and low water level a small ditch was constructed in each plot, 20-22 days before transplantation of rice. The area of the ditch for each plot was 1.5 m² and the depth was about 0.75 m. After ploughing, all the plots were fertilized with Urea, TSP and MP at the rate of 178 kg, 125 kg and 67 kg ha-1 respectively. All the inorganic fertilizers with the exception of Urea were applied evenly to the plots 2-3 days before transplanting during final ploughing and leveling. Urea was applied after 12, 35 and 65 days of transplanting rice with one third of the total dose in each application. Rice seedlings of BR-10 were transplanted in the plots in alternate row spacing of 35cm + 15cm. The plant to plant distance given was 20cm. Experimental design - The experiment was set up with three treatments in triplicates. After 15 days of rice transplantation, the plots were stocked with 15-day-old fries of Thai Sarpunti (B. gonionotus) at 50,000 ha-1 in treatment-I (T1), 75,000 ha-1 in treatment-II (T2) and treatment-III (T3) was kept as control without fish. Management of rice and fish - The depth of water was kept as low as 2-4 cm up to 15 days after transplantation to allow the rice seedlings well established and to grow tillers. Water level was raised to 10-15 cm 15 days after transplantation to grow natural food in the rice fields for fry. Water level was raised gradually with the growth of rice and fish. No pesticide was applied to the crop. Bird perches (3-4 plot-1) were placed in the aiming to reduce pest infestation. Top dressing of fertilizer with Urea was done in three occasions at equal amount on 12, 35 and 65 days after transplanting rice seedlings. There was no extra management for fish other than water supply. No supplementary feed was used for fish. Harvesting of rice and fish - The rice was harvested on 107 days after transplanting rice seedlings. The representative samples of rice were taken from each plot comprising an area of 1 m²^. The fingerlings were harvested after rice harvesting. i.e., 90 days after stocking fish seeds. The fingerlings were collected from each plot by hand picking after draining out water from the plots. The fingerlings collected from each plot were counted and the number was recorded separately plot wise. The individual total length and weight of 30 randomly selected fish were measured from each plot to determine the survival rate, growth and yield.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 2(1): 125-130, 2009; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The performance of raising seeds of B. gonionotus was evaluated in rice fields for a period of 90 days during aman season. Between the two stocking densities, 50,000 ha^-1 might be suitable for raising seeds of B. gonionotus in rice fields in terms of economic returns. The benefit-cost ratio indicated that raising seeds in rice fields could be the best option for the resource poor farmers due to the low cost fries in stead of highly priced fingerlings. Increment of rice grain and straw yield by about 16.7-19.44% and 20.5-23.5% respectively reflected that raising fish seeds ultimately improved the yield of rice. However, further studies on raising fish seeds of different species under different rice crop and seasons may carry out.

Knowledge Management: Journal