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Early T. Aman Establishment Through Supplemental Irrigation for Escaping Terminal Drought Under Climate Change Situation

Debjit Roy
SSO
IWMD, BRRI

Dr. M Towfiqul Islam
PSO and Head
IWMD, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to document the impact of supplemental irrigation at vegetative stage of rice and to assess T. Aman yield loss for drought prone area under climate change situation. BR11 was used with two irrigation:T₁ = Supplemental irrigation and T₂ = Rainfed. Crop was established by using supplemental irrigation in treatment T₁when crop establishment in treatment. T₂delayed for sufficient rainfall for land preparation. The difference between the transplanting dates was 14 days. Total rainfall amount during rice growing period in treatment T₁ was 974.09 mm when it was 703.08 mm in treatment T₂. Water requirement of treatment T₁ was 750 mm at vegetative stage and 1169.5 mm of water was applied including land preparation to meet that water requirement. But in treatment T₂, water supply was only rainfall (698.5 mm) in response to 702.3 mm of water requirement. Two supplemental irrigation (250 mm) at vegetative stage, one supplemental irrigation (20 mm) at reproductive stage and two supplemental irrigation (40 mm) at ripening stage was applied to satisfy the water requirement in treatment T₁. On the contrary, treatment T₂ depended only on rainfall amount. Treatment T₁ got advantages of receiving rainfall at reproductive stage (54.61 mm) than that of T₂ for transplanting crop 14 days earlier. So, T₁ successfully escaped the terminal drought at reproductive stage. T₂suffered from terminal drought due to late transplanting. The yield performances of both treatments showed the impact of terminal drought at reproductive stage. Yield loss in rainfed condition due to terminal drought at reproductive stage was 1.25 t/ha which is about 25 percent of yield of T₁. No difference was observed in plant height between the treatments but number of panicle per square meter was higher in T₁than that of T₂. The early transplanted T. Aman rice received more rainfall during its growing period than rainfed T. Aman rice. The early transplanting of T. Aman rice on 17 July through supplemental irrigation ensured that T. Aman escaped the terminal drought occurred at reproductive stage during T. Aman season 2009. Also supplemental irrigation application at early stage of rice effectively mitigated drought at vegetative stage.

Keywords: Supplemental irrigation, Terminal drought, T. Aman, Climate change, Rice.

Location: Irrigation Extension Training Center (IETC), Bangladesh Water Development Board, Kushtia

Start Date: 01-07-2009

End Date: 30-12-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Supplemental irrigation

Objectives:

To document the impact of supplemental irrigation at vegetative stage of rice
To assess T. Aman yield loss for drought prone area under climate change situation

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Irrigation Extension Training Center (IETC), Bangladesh Water Development Board, Kushtia known as Baradi farm. BR11 was used for the experiment with two treatments. The experimental design was RCB with three replications. The treatments were:T₁ = Supplemental irrigated and T₂ = Rainfed. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted with 20 cm x 20 cm spacing. Individual plot size was 4m x 5m and separated from each other by 20 cm x 40 cm levees. Fertilizer was applied as per FRG/BRRI recommendation. Crop was established for treatment T₁ using supplemental irrigation on 17 July. The transplanting of treatment T₂ was done on 31 July when sufficient rainfall occurred. The whole amount of P, K, Zn and S were applied as basal at the of final land preparation. Urea was top-dressed in three equal splits. Weeding and spraying were done twice to control weeds and pests. Rice yield was assessed from 10 square meter area of each plot. Harvested paddy was threshed, cleaned and weighed to determine yield. Finally, the yield was adjusted to 14% moisture content to determine yield per hectare. BRRI recommended cultural and fertilizer management practices were followed. PVC pipes were installed in every plot. Water level in each plot and Seepage and Percolation (S&P) were measured from PVC pipes by using scale. Supplemental irrigation was supplied when water level in PVC pipe had reached 15 cm from ground surface. A USWB Class A evaporation pan and a rain gauge were installed near the experimental field for determining rainfall and evaporation values during the growing season of rice. All data were recorded at 08:30 AM daily to determine S&P, rainfall and evaporation from experimental field.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2010, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The early transplanted T. Aman rice received more rainfall during its growing period than rainfed T. Aman rice. The early transplanting of T. Aman rice on 17 July through supplemental irrigation ensured that T. Aman escaped the terminal drought occurred at reproductive stage during T. Aman season 2009. Also supplemental irrigation application at early stage of rice effectively mitigated drought at vegetative stage.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings