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Dr M A Rashid
CSO and Head
IWMD, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation were carried out at Munshigonj area of Sham nagar Upazila, Satkhira to investigate for fresh water (groundwater/surface water) for irrigation in dry season in coastal saline areas; to monitor salinity of water and crop production status in wet and dry season providing irrigation with suitable water; and to increase crop production by increasing irrigated area with fresh water in saline zone. Groundwater samples were collected in each week from observation wells, existing running STWs, and Hand tubewells. In 2009, the average EC of groundwater at depth 200 ft - 250 ft (60 - 75 m ) was found to be below 4.33 ds/m ranging from 1.66 ds/m to 5.07 ds/m which is very close to the permissible maximum limit (4 dS/m) of water salinity for irrigation. Investigation was also carried out to monitor water salinity of deeper aquifer and a less saline water-bearing aquifer was found (In Joynagar area) at a depth of 500 – 600 ft (150 – 180 m ) from the land surface. It was observed that salinity of the groundwater of this aquifer ranged from 1.42 dS/m to 1.72 dS/m (Fig 10) which is suitable for rice irrigation. This year, BRRI dhan28 and 47 were grown in the demonsrtation plots in this area. In this Joynagar area in Shyamnagar upazila farmers are also using groundwater for drinking purpose from a depth of only 30 ft to 35 ft. The Ec of this water ranged from 1.29 dS/m to 1.6 dS/m which is suitable for drinking purpose. There may be a thin layer of sweet water at a shallow depth. Detail information is needed. Therefore, only two sources i.e. pond water and groundwater from deeper aquifer are suitable for irrigation purpose in Shyamnagar upazilla of Satkhira district.

Keywords: Coastal zone, Water productivity, Salinity

Location: Munshiganj area, Satkhira

Start Date: 01-07-2009

End Date: 30-06-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

To investigate for fresh water (groundwater/surface water) for irrigation in dry season in coastal saline areas;
To monitor salinity of water and crop production status in wet and dry season providing irrigation with suitable water; and
To increase crop production by increasing irrigated area with fresh water in saline zone.

Methodology:

Salinity of water (groundwater / river water) was monitored at the selected locations. Rice was grown in dry season using suitable water. Investigation was conducted for fresh groundwater at a reasonable depth. The extent and potentiality of the aquifer to supply irrigation water will also be studied.

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Review 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. World Bank

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salinity of pond water, river water and groundwater was monitored. Investigations were carried out to find out more fresh water at deeper depth (150 m – 180 m). It was found that the pond water is less saline than groundwater and is very suitable for irrigation at the early stage of crop. Because the young rice plants can easily tolerate the less saline pond water which is very important during seedling establishment period. Therefore, it is recommended to apply one or two irrigation with less saline pond water during the seedling establishment period. After seedling establishment the groundwater can be used for the rest period of the season. In 2009, the average EC of pond water was below 2 ds/m. But this year (2010) is an exceptional year. Because last year the cyclone "Aila" swept over the area and all ponds were filled with highly saline sea water. As a result, this year (2010) the pond water salinity was very high. The salinity ranged from 7.2 dS/m to 10.86 dS/m. The farmers could not grow seedlings (In Munshiganj area) with this saline pond water. But in a normal year the pond water salinity is very less and suitable for irrigation.The salinity of river water (Maloncho river) was very high and was not suitable for irrigation. The river water salinity ranged from 12.85 ds/m to 20.52 ds/m. So, the salinity of this water source was beyond the permissible limit (4 dS/m).Groundwater samples were collected in each week from observation wells, existing running STWs, and Hand tubewells. In 2009, the average EC of groundwater at depth 200 ft - 250 ft (60 - 75 m ) was found to be below 4.33 ds/m ranging from 1.66 ds/m to 5.07 ds/m which is very close to the permissible maximum limit (4 dS/m) of water salinity for irrigation. Investigation was also carried out to monitor water salinity of deeper aquifer and a less saline water-bearing aquifer was found (In Joynagar area) at a depth of 500 – 600 ft (150 – 180 m ) from the land surface. It was observed that salinity of the groundwater of this aquifer ranged from 1.42 dS/m to 1.72 dS/m (Fig 10) which is suitable for rice irrigation. This year, BRRI dhan28 and 47 were grown in the demonsrtation plots in this area. In this Joynagar area in Shyamnagar upazila farmers are also using groundwater for drinking purpose from a depth of only 30 ft to 35 ft. The Ec of this water ranged from 1.29 dS/m to 1.6 dS/m which is suitable for drinking purpose. There may be a thin layer of sweet water at a shallow depth. Detail information is needed. Therefore, only two sources i.e. pond water and groundwater from deeper aquifer are suitable for irrigation purpose in Shyamnagar upazilla of Satkhira district.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings