M. A. H. BHUIYAN
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
M. E. ALI
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
M. R. KHATUN
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
F. ALAM
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
M. B. BANU
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), tomato seedlings, nutrient uptake
Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur
Crop-Soil-Water Management
Performance
An experiment on the effect of different sources of AM fungi were conducted on tomato seedlings in the seedbed (3 m × 1 m) of Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur during rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09. The soils were collected from the bank of Turag river at Kodda, Gazipur and was used in the seedbed. The soil of the seedbed was sandy clay loam having pH 7.4, organic matter 0.53%, total N 0.03%, available P 11.0 μg/g, available S 10.0 μg/g, exchangeable K 0.15 meq/100 g, exchangeable Ca 3.80 meq/100 g, exchangeable Mg 1.10 meq/100 g, available Zn 2.50 μg/g, available B 0.14 μg/g, available Cu 2.10 μg/g, available Fe 35 μg/g, and available Mn 11 μg/g. The soil was slightly alkaline. The organic matter, major nutrients, such as N, P, K, Ca, and copper contents of the soil were low, while iron and manganese levels were quite high. The soil contained 10 AM spores of indigenous mixed AM fungal species and the experiment was conducted under non-sterilized soil condition. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Eight different sources of AM fungi viz., AM-01 (Jessore), AM-02 (Rahmatpur), AM-03 (Joydebpur), AM-04 (Ullapara), AM-05 (Jamalpur), AM-06 (Hathazari), AM-07 (Ishurdi), AM-08 (Rajshahi) from different AEZs of Bangladesh (Jessore, Rahmatpur, Joydebpur, Ullapara, Jamalpur, Hathazari, Ishurdi, Rajshahi) were studied along with a control and mixed sources of AM on tomato seedlings. The seed bed was divided into 10 separate unit plots by inserting thick polyethylene sheet upto 25 cm depth of soil to check the contamination of AM source among the plots. Cowdung was used at the rate of 5 kg/m2. No other fertilizers were used. Seeds were sown in 10 cm apart solid lines on 13 November 2007 and 11 November 2008. Soil based AM inoculum @ 2 kg/m2 was used in the seed furrows of about 3 cm depth. A soil layer of about 1 cm thickness was spread on the inoculum layer on which the seeds were sown. Seeds were sown in the soil layer above the inoculum to ensure penetration of the roots through the inoculum layer immediately after germination. Roma VF was used as variety of tomato. The seedlings were thinned to about 3 cm from seedling to seedling within a week of germination. Watering, weeding, and other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. The seedlings were harvested on 11 December for 2007 and 17 December for 2008, respectively. The yield components of the seedlings were recorded on the day of harvesting. The seedlings were harvested by uprooting. Roots of the seedlings were washed to remove the adhered soils. Root samples were then studied for AM colonization. The seedlings were oven dried to a constant weight at a temperature of 700C and the dry weight of shoot and root was recorded. Chemical analyses of the samples were done and nutrient uptakes by the seedlings were calculated. Soil samples from the plot were collected during harvesting the seedlings for counting AM spore population. Hundred grams soil sample per plot was used to count the spore numbers. The spore numbers were determined by wet sieving and decanting method (Gerdemann and Nicolson, 1963). To assess AM root colonization, the roots were processed after Koske and Gemma (1989) and observed under a compound microscope. Presence of fungal bodies (Mycelium, spores, arbuscules, and vesicles) in the root tissues were considered as positive for infection.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 23-31, March 2014, ISSN 0258-7122
Journal