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Refinement of Alternate Wetting and Drying (awd) Irrigation Technique for Rice Cultivation-2012

Priya Lal Chandra Pual
SSO
IWMD, BRRI

Dr M A Rashid
CSO and Head
IWMD, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted to determine the optimum depth of water level below ground surface for irrigating rice field after disappearing of standing water, to determine the maximum saving of water through AWD without hampering the rice yield and to determine the economic profitability of AWD method for Boro rice cultivation. The water treatments were:T₁ = Continuous standing water,T₂ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 15 cm below the soil surface,T₃ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 20 cm below the soil surface and T₄ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 50 cm below the soil surface. In AWD method irrigation application (5-7 cm) when water level is 15 cm below the soil surface is more economically viable for Boro rice cultivation. It saved 20-25% irrigation water without hampering the rice yield, even sometimes increased yield of 0.2-0.5 ton/ha was observed. Therefore, the additional benefit of AWD method was Tk.4931/ha over the continuous standing water practice.

Keywords: AWD, Irrigation technique, Rice cultivation

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 01-07-2011

End Date: 30-06-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To determine the optimum depth of water level below ground surface for irrigating rice field after disappearing of standing water
To determine the maximum saving of water through AWD without hampering the rice yield
To determine the economic profitability of AWD method for Boro rice cultivation

Methodology:

The water treatments were:

T₁ = Continuous standing water

T₂ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 15 cm below the soil surface

T₃ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 20 cm below the soil surface

T₄ = Irrigation (5-7 cm) when water level is 50 cm below the soil surface

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Review 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The grain yield was found significantly influenced by different AWD irrigation treatments. The highest grain yield was obtained in treatment T₂(6200 Kg/ha) and lowest was in treatment T₄ (4700 Kg/ha). The second highest yield (6000 Kg/ha) was marked in treatment T₁ and the treatment T₃produced 5400 Kg/ha. Longer water stresses resulted in higher loss of grain yield compared to less water stresses like treatment T₂.

Economic analysis was performed to compare the benefits of the AWD water treatments with the continuous standing water practice. Considering similar fertilizer, insecticide, weeding and labor cost for all treatments. The analysis was performed considering the following rates of different items.

Market price of rice = 720 Tk/maund (40 kg) = 18000 Tk/ton

Irrigation tax: 1 lit diesel required for 1 hr pumping of STW and

1 lit diesel price was Tk. 61

Practicing AWD method about 220, 380 and 420 mm irrigation water was saved in treatments T₂_,T₃ and T₄ respectively over treatment T₁ (continuous standing water). The maximum benefit of AWD method was Tk. 4931/ha in treatment T₂ (applying irrigation after 15 cm depletion of water level) over treatment T₁. But in treatments T₃ and T₄ was not economically profitable over treatment T₁ because of decreased yield due to more water stress.

It was observed that in AWD practice total applied water was lower compared to continuous standing water. It also illustrated that using AWD practice treatment T₂ gave the highest yield and in treatments T₃ and T₄the yield was decreased.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings