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Effect of Flooding on Growth and Yield of Mungbean Genotypes

M. R. Amin
Senior Scientific Officer
OFRD, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M. A. Karim
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

M. R. Islam
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh.

S. Akter
Scientific officer
Pulse Research sub-station, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M. A. Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer
Pulse Research sub-station, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The field experiment was carried out with some selected mungbean genotypes viz. IPSA- 13, VC- 6173A, BU mug 2, BARI Mung- 5 and IPSA- 12 to observe the effect of 4-days flooding on their growth and yield of mungbean under field conditions at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during September to November, 2011 maintaining 3-5 cm standing water at 24 days after emergence. Days to flowering and maturity delayed in flooded plants over control depending on the genotypes. Flooding significantly reduced Total Day Matters (TDM) , number of pods per plant, seed size and seed yield of the mungbean genotypes over control. Considering higher seed yield, larger seed size and less yield reduction relative to control VC- 6173A, BU mug 2 and IPSA- 13 were found tolerant to soil flooding condition.

Keywords: Soil flooding, Growth, Yield, Mungbean genotypes

Location: Department of Agronomy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 08-09-2011

End Date: 15-11-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To find out the effect of soil flooding under field conditions at pre-flowering stage on the growth and yield of some selected mungbean genotypes.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the field of the Department of Agronomy of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during 8 September, 2011 to 15 November, 2011. Five mungbean genotypes viz. IPSA - 13, VC - 6173A, BU mug 2, BARI Mung - 5 and IPSA - 12 were tested under this study. The genotypes were flooded with 3 - 5 cm of standing water for 4 days (96 hours) at pre-flowering stage from 24 - 27 days after emergence (DAE). The experiment was laid out in a split - plot design with three replications. Flooding treatments were placed in the main-plots and mungbean genotypes were in the sub-plots. The size of each main plot was 8 m x 2m =16 m² and the size of eac h sub - plot was (2m x 1.5m). Drain in between two main plots was 1.5 m so that flooded water cannot soak to the neighboring experimental plots. Each sub-plot had 5 rows of mungbean genotype with a spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm. At the border of each plot respective mungbean genotype was grown to avoid border effect. The experimental land was ploughed properly and at the time of first ploughing cowdung @ 10 t/ha was applied. A blanket dose of fertilizers 20-20-30 kg/ha of N-P-K was applied and thoroughly incorporated into the soil of each plot at the time of final land preparation. Seeds of uniform size and shape of five mungbean genotypes were sorted from their stock and treated with Vitavex 200 @ 3 g per kg seed before sowing. The seeds were soaked in water for 4 hours before sowing and imbibed seeds were selected for sowing. Most seedlings emerged within 3 days of sowing. Seedlings were thinned out after one week of emergence keeping healthy seedlings of uniform growth. During growing period the average maximum and minimum temperature ranged were between 30.43°C and 25.30°C, respectively . The total rainfall during experimentation period was 186.60 mm. Seedlings were raised at optimal soil moisture condition (about 50% AWC). The insecticide Karate at the rate of 2. 0 ml per litre water was sprayed to protect the plants from thrips and aphids. Other management practices were done adequately to maintain normal growth of seedlings. Two treatments were imposed on the growing seedlings in separate experimental plots. Among 6 experimental plots , 3 main-plots were maintained as non-flooded (control) and the rest 3 plots were flooded. Treatments were randomly placed in the experimental units. When the seedlings were 24 days old, flooding with 3-5 cm of standing water was maintained continuously for 4 days (96 hours) during 24-27 DAE. At the same time the optimal soil moisture (about 50% AWC) was maintained as control treatment. Normal irrigation was given to the control plots for establishment of the crops. Data were collected from the beginning of the flood treatment and five plants from each plot of each genotype were pulled out for destructive sampling to determine the dry weight of different plant parts every 10 days interval. After harvesting, the seedlings of both waterlogged and control experiments were segmented into components i.e. stem, leaf, petiole, and reproductive organs. The segmented parts were then oven dried at 80°C for 72 hours to a constant weight and dry weights were taken separately. Total dry weight (DW) was calculated by summing up the dry weights of stem, leaf, petiole, and reproductive parts of plants. Dates of flowering and maturity were recorded based on the visual observation. When about 50% plants bloomed was considered as first 50% flowering and when about 80% pods matured was considered as maturity stage. Yield and yield components were recorded from the harvested sample at maturity. All data were analyzed statistically and mean separation was done using LSD at 5% level.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41 (1): 151 - 162 , March 2016, ISSN 0258 - 7122 (Print), 2408 - 8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i1.27680

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Soil flooding during pre-flowering stage delayed flowering and maturity of mungbean. Among the five selected mungbean genotypes tested under 4 days waterlogging in field condition and it was observed that plant height, leaves plant^-1, leaf area plant^-1, total dry matter and yield contributing characters of mungbean reduced to a significant extent when exposed to 4 days flooding. TDM and seed yield was positively correlated. Mungbean genotypes VC- 6173A, BU mug 2 and IPSA- 13 accumulated the highest TDM. T hose genotypes were also produced highest seed yields, larger seed size and less yield reduction relative to control. Therefore, those genotypes seem to be more tolerant to soil flooding under 4 days soil flooding condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal