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Salt Tolerance Limit of Three Modern Rice Varieties

A. C. Aich
Agronomist
Land and Water use, Bangladesh water Development Board, Dhaka.

Anwar Iqbal
PSO (S&I)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka.

O. H Sarker
Land and Water use, Bangladesh water Development Board, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth and yield of three modern rices, BR3, Purbachi and Iratom 24, grown under varying soil salinity levels in the Boro season for two years were examined. The growth and yield of each or these varieties decreased significantly with increasing salinity from 1.80 to 10.65 ds/m. Over this salinity range, seedlings survival decreased from 94.7 to 49.9%, 95.8 to 47.1% and 98.6 to 58%, plant height from 80.7 to 68.2, 75.2 to 63.6 and 67.7 to 59.0 cm, and 1000 grain weight from 25.7 to 19.9, 23.6 to 17.0 and 22.3 to 19.0 g. in cases of BR3, lratom 24 and Purbachi, respectively. Grain yield decreased from 5.48 to 1.19, 5.54 to 0.85 and 5.3 to 1.24 t/ha in that order. Soil salinity levels at which yield began to decline i.e., the threshold salinity values were ECe 2.60, 4.00 and 2.60 ds/m and soil salinity levels at which 50% yield reduction would be expected were estimated at ECe 5.95, 7.03 and 5.75 ds/m for BR3, Purbachi and lratom 24, respectively . Thus, Purbachi appeared to the most tolerant 01 salinity among the varieties tested. BR3 and lratom 24 performed quite similarly in these respect.

Keywords: Modern rice varieties, Salt tolerance, Salinity, Crop production

Location: Benerpota Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh water Development Board, Satkhira

Start Date: 00-00-1989

End Date: 00-00-1990

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To select high yield potential cultivars of rice at different soil salinity levels for improvement of crop production in the coastal areas of Bangladesh

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted for two years in 1989 and 1990 during the Boro reason at Benerpota Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh water Development Board, Satkhira. Surface (0.15m) soils having ECe 2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 and 10-13 ds/m wen collected from different localities of the Benerpota Farm's campus and placed in 1m³ concrete beds. The soils were fertilized with 80 kg P₂O₅, 40 kg k₂O and 90 kg N/ha. All P and K and one third of the N dose were applied basally. The remaining two thirds of the basal dose was applied in two equal splits, 30 and 50 days after transplanting (DAT) of rice. Three modern varieties of rice, namely, BR3, Purbachi and Iratom 24 were used as the cultivars. Thirty five days old uniformly healthy seedlings were transplanted at the rate of three seedlings per hill. The line to line and hill to hill distance was 15cm. Transplanting was done on 6th January each year. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The soil was irrigated with slightly saline water to maintain approximately 5cm. standing water on the soil surface. The source of irrigation water was reserved pond water. The salinity of pond water varied 0.7 to 1.2 and 1.2 to 2.0 ds/m for 1989 and 1990, respectively. The soluble salts were not allowed to leach down from the concrete beds to maintain more or less same saline condition as per treatments. Weeding was done whenever needed. Some physicochemical properties of initial soil were determined by standard methods and the analytical values. Soils are clayey in nature having mildly alkaline to moderately alkaline in reaction. The range of organic matter, total N, Available P, CEC varied from 1.86 to 2.15%, 0.15 to 0.19%, 16 to 20 mg kg^-1 and 29.8 to 32.4, respectively. These indicated that the soils have identical soil fertility status. Data of seedling survival, plant height weight of 1000 filled grains and grain yield were recorded. Mean ECe of soil was calculated by determining the ECe of saturation extracts at an internal of 15 days for each treatment upto depth of 0-50 em during the growing period. The experimental data were statistically analyzed and treatments variation were identified by L.S.D, values at 0.01 level. Relationship between soil salinity (ECe) and grain yield for three MV's of rice were estimated by regression analysis.

Source of Information: Bagladesh J. Nuclear Agric. Vol:10, pp:51-58, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It appeared from the results that , 10, 25 and 50% yield decrement to be expected at ECe 3.08, 4.73 and 2.95; 4.45, 5.60 and 4.03; 5.95, 7.03 and 5.75 dS/m for BR3, Purbachi and lratom24 of rice, respectively. Purbachi appeared the most tolerant of salinity among the varieties tested. BR3 and Iratom 24 performed similarly in this respect.

Knowledge Management: Journal