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Effects of Source-sink Manipulation on Grain Yield and Important Sink Characters in Spring Wheat

Jannatul Ferdous
Student
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A.K.M. Shamsuddin
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

the effects of source-sink manipulation (defoliation of flag leaf, all leaves and removal of 50% spikelets) on the varieties/lines of spring wheat for grain yield and different sink characters were evaluated. It was observed that there were significant variations among the varieties/lines for grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The varieties/lines Sourav, BL-1022 and Gourab were the best materials because they produced high grain yield with large sized grain. Flag leaf defoliation caused reduction of grains per spike, 100 grain weight and grain yield per plant by 13.48%, 6.82% and 18.25%, respectively. Similarly removal of all leaves caused reduction of 18.12%, 13.07% and 41.02% for grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant, respectively. On the other hand, there was 47.56% and 42.03% reduction in grains per spike and grain yield per plant, respectively due to removal of 50% spikelets (sink manipulation). But interestingly it was observed that there was 12.95% increase in 100-grain weight due to sink manipulation (removal of 50% spikelets). This suggests that in the present materials of wheat suffered from source limitation.

Keywords: Spring wheat, Source, Sink, Yield

Location: Experimental Farm, Department of genetics and plant breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To study the performance of some wheat varieties/lines for grain yield and source-sink characters and to study the effects of source-sink manipulations on some important sink characters

Methodology:

Twenty varieties/lines of spring wheat were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental Farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the rabi seasons of 1999-2000 . The plot size was 1m x 2m with plant spacing of 20 cm between rows and 5 cm between plants of the same row. There were four treatments in source-sink manipulation:

T₀= Control
T₁= Defoliation of flag leaf
T₂= Defoliation of all leaves
T₃= Removal of 50% spikelets.

The second and third treatments imposed source limitation, where the flag leaf in T₁ and all leaves in T₂ were removed by cutting at anthesis time. In the fourth (T₃) treatment sink limitation was imposed. Every alternate spikelet from spike was removed by cutting with scissors at anthesis time. Ten sample plants for each treatment and control were selected at random from each of the plots for collection of data on grain per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. The effects of source-sink manipulations on yield and different yield contributing characters on wheat varieties/lines were analysed by analysis of variance. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed to test the differences between the varieties/lines and also the treatment means (source-sink manipulation treatments). To test the differences between the treatments and control paired t-test was performed following the methods outlined by Steel and Torrie (1960).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics. 14(2): 7-12.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that there was significant variation for all characters among the varieties/lines, treatments and genotypes × treatments interactions. Performances of genotypes were different, under different conditions of source-sink manipulations. Among the genotypes, the genotypes Ht-9, Seri-82 and Ht-7 produced higher number of grains per spike and small sized grains. The genotypes Ht-11, Ning-8317, Sourav, BL-1020 and Gourab produced large sized grains, but associated with less number of grains per spike. The genotypes DSN-73, Ht-9, TP-3 and Seri-82 were the best materials for grain yield per plant. Among them Ht-9 and seri-82 had highest number of grains per spike. The genotypes Sourav, BL-1022 and Gourab produced high grain yield with large sized grain. It was observed that the defoliation of both flag leaf, all leaves and removal of 50% spikelets produced significant effects on grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield. Flag leaf defoliation caused reduction of grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant by 13.48%, 6.82 and 18.25% respectively. Similarly removal of all leaves caused reduction of 18.12%, 13.07 and 41.02% for grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant respectively. On the other hand, there was 47.56% and 42.03% reduction in grains per spike and grain yield per plant, respectively and 12.95% increase in 100-grain weight by sink manipulation (removal of 50% spikelets). Both these facts, indicates that present materials suffered from source limitation rather than sink limitation.

Knowledge Management: Journal