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Demonstration and Validation of Sheath Blight Disease Management Through Organic Amendments, Bio-control Agents, K-split and a New Fungicide in Aus Season

MA Ali
Principal Scientific Officer
BRRI Rajshahi

B Karmakar
Scientific Officer
BRRI Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Natural infestation of sheath blight disease was observed in all three farmers field however, severity was varied among the locations. Disease severity index (DSI) was higher at hard dough stage compared to flowering stage in all the location and all the treatments. Mean DSI was the lowest in T₆ treatment (chemical control) compared to either bio control agents or organic amendments. Potash top dress with 2^nd and 3^rd splits of urea reduced DSI considerably better than bio control agents or organic amendments. In contrast, the highest DSI was recorded in T₄ and T₁ where antagonistic bacteria and poultry litter were used respectively that were even higher than the control treatment (T₈). Apparently, considerable relationship was observed between yield and DSI. The highest yield was recorded in T₆ (fungicide treated treatments) (2.58 t/ha) followed by T₅ (antagonistic Rhizoctonia). Conversely, the lowest yield was found in T₃ (rice bran) (1.91 t/ha). In fact, significant level of disease suppression was not found in any of the treatments except T₆ (chemical control). Therefore, integration of organic amendment or bio control or K -top dress with fungicide may be the issue for further investigation for sheath blight disease control.

Keywords: Rice, Sheath blight disease, Potash, Grain yield, Disease severity index

Location: Farmers field at Kaligonj, Tanore and Kakonhat of Rajshahi district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To validate previous result of the Sheath blight disease management packages
To demonstrate and scale up the promising management practices in farmers field.

Methodology:

The demonstration on sheath blight disease management was conducted in 3-locations of Rajshahi namely Kaligonj, Tanore and Kakonhat under RSBC project. In the 1^stphase of the project organic amendment, sheath blight tolerant varieties, biological control agents and highly effective fungicides were found promising for sheath blight disease management. Therefore, studies were undertaken with a selection of management practices to validate the results in Phase II to validate previous result and to demonstrate and scale up the promising management practices in farmers field. Land preparation was done by 3-4 ploughing and cross ploughing. Before final land preparation organic amendment was incorporated with soil and left for 7-10 days. While bio-control agents antagonistic Rhizoctonia in rice hull was broadcasted during boot stage but antagonistic bacterial suspension was sprayed over the phyloplane of the crop. Fungicide, hexaconazole was sprayed twice @ 25 g ai/ha (half dose). First spray was initiated at the booting stage and the second spray was applied 10-15 days later of 1^st spray. Crop Variety: Parijat was grown in Kakonhat and Tanore (farmers variety) while BR26 was grown in Kaligonj and in BRRI Rajshahi on farm station. Three to five plants per hill with 20 cm X 20 cm spacing was used. Fertilizers such as Urea: DAP: MP: Gypsum were applied @ 135 (65 kg from DAP and 70 kg from urea):100:70 Kg/ha. Non-replicated large field plot (1400-2100 m²) techniques were used where treatments randomly placed. Data of the diseases were taken from 1 m x 1 m area from 5 spot per treatment in boot to flowering and milking to hard dough stages and summarized by the variables incidence (I), Relative Lesion Height (RLH) and Severity Index (SI). Where, Incidence/Horizontal progress = (Number of diseased plants/Sum of sampled plants) x 100. RLH/ Vertical progress = (Lesion height/plant height) x 100. DSI = (1.62*X-32.4)*A/100 (Where, X = vertical progress of the infected plant population & A = horizontal progress) The treatments were T₁ = Poultry litter @ 5 t/ha = 500g per m², T₂ = Saw dust @ 5 t/ha = 500g per m², T₃ = Rice bran @ 3 t/ha = 300g per m²T₄ = Antagonistic bacteria spray, T₅ = Antagonistic Rhizoctonia, T₆ = Chemical control Hexaconazole @ 25 g ai/ha, T₇ = K split with 2^nd and 3^rd top dress of urea and T₈ = Control. Data collected on Date of seeding, transplanting, flowering, tillers/hills,Diseased tiller count, RLH, Plant height and Yield.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2004-2005

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded that integration of organic amendment or bio control or potash top dress with fungicide may be the issue for further investigation for sheath blight disease control.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings