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Split Application of Inorganic Fertilizers in Potato (solanum Tuberosum L.)-hybrid Maize (zea Mays L.) Intercropping System

M. N. ISLAM
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

M. AKHTERUZZAMAN
Principal Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

M. S. ALOM
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during the rabi season of 2009-10 and 2010-11 to find out economic fertilizer dose along with time of split application of fertilizers to potato-hybrid maize intercropping system for higher productivity. Six treatment combinations were derived through combining two fertilizer doses F1= 255-55-140-40-6-2 and F2=320-73-170-50-6-2 kg/ha NPKSZnB and three levels of split applications viz., S1= 1/3 N and full of PKSZnB (basal as broadcast) + 1/3 N top dressed at 30 DAP (days after planting) of potato + 1/3 N top dressed after potato harvest, S2= 1/3 N & ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + 1/3 N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + 1/3 N top dressed after potato harvest and S3= ¼ N & ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + ¼ N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + ¼ N top dressed at 60 DAP of potato to maize rows only + ¼ N top dressed after potato harvest. Sole crops of hybrid maize and potato with recommended fertilizer dose of 255-55-140-40-6-2 and 135-30-135-15-4-0.5 kg/ha NPKSZnB were included for comparison. The highest tuber yield of potato (24.24 t/ha) and grain yield of maize (9.48 t/ha) were obtained from respective sole crops with recommended fertilizer management. The highest potato equivalent yield (30.26 t/ha), gross return (Tk. 363120/ha), gross margin (Tk. 258620/ha), and benefit cost ratio (3.47) were obtained from F1S3. The results revealed that fertilizer dose of 255-55-140-40-6-2 kg/ha NPKSZnB along with its split application, ¼ N and ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + ¼ N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + ¼ N top dressed at 60 DAP of potato to maize rows only + ¼ N top dressed after potato harvest, might be economically profitable for potato hybrid maize intercropping system.

Keywords: Split application, Inorganic fertilizers, Potato-hybrid maize intercropping.

Location: Field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

The present experiment was undertaken to find out economic fertilizer dose along with time of split application of fertilizers to potato-hybrid maize intercropping system for higher productivity.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2009-10 and 2010-11. The soil of the experimental field was silty clay loam in texture with pH 5.8 belonging to Chhiata series under AEZ-28. The soil was low in organic matter (1.2%) and deficient in total N (0.07%), available P (13 ppm), exchangeable K (0.15 meq/100 g soil), available S (12 ppm) and available B (0.12 ppm). The crop received total rainfall of 201 and 226 mm during crop growing period in 2009-10 and 2010-11, respectively. The monthly mean maximum and minimum air temperature were 29.0^oC and 17.8^oC, respectively during 2009-10 while 28.7^oC and 17.6^oC, respectively in 2010-11. Six treatment combinations were derived through combining two fertilizer doses (F1= 255-55- 140-40-6-2 (recommended fertilizer for maize) and F2=320-73-170-50-6-2 kg/ha NPKSZnB) and three levels of split applications viz. S1= 1/3 N and full of PKSZnB (basal as broadcast) + 1/3 N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + 1/3 N top dressed after potato harvest, S2= 1/3 N and ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + 1/3 N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + 1/3 N top dressed after potato harvest and S3= ¼ N & ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + ¼ N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + ¼ N top dressed at 60 DAP of potato to maize rows only + ¼ N top dressed after potato harvest. Sole crops of hybrid maize and potato with recommended fertilizer dose of 255-55-140-40-6-2 and 135-30-135-15-4-0.5 kg/ha NPKSZnB were included for comparison. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with 3 replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 3m. Diamant variety of potato and BARI Hybrid Maize-5 variety of hybrid maize were used in this study. Potato was planted on 20 November 2009 and 23 November 2010 maintaining 75 cm x 20 cm spacing. Maize was sown on 10 December 2009 and 13 December 2010 (20 days after potato planting) in between two potato rows with a seed to seed distance of 20 cm. Sole potato and sole maize were sown with 60 cm x 25 cm (66,666 plants/ha) and 75 cm x 20 cm (66,666 plants/ha), respectively. In sole potato, ½ of N and full amount of PKSZnB were applied as basal in the form of urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate, and boric acid, respectively. The remaining N was top dressed at 30 days after potato planting followed by irrigation. In sole maize, 1/3 of N and full amount of PKSZnB were applied as basal and rest N was top dressed in two equal splits at 30 and 60 DAE (days after emergence) of maize. In intercropping systems, fertilizers were applied as per treatments. A light irrigation was given after potato sowing for uniform emergence. Earthing up of potato, sowing of maize and 1st top dressing was done on the same day followed by irrigation. Intercultural operations were done as and when required. Potato was harvested on 23 February 2010 (95 DAS) and 26 February 2011 (95 DAS). Maize was harvested on 02 May 2010 (143 DAS) and 05 May 2011 (143 DAS). Data on yield and other parameters of both the crops were recorded at the time of harvest. Plant population data for potato and maize were taken from randomly selected three places in each plot and yield components were taken from 10 plants in both the years. Yields of both the crops were taken from whole plot. Potato equivalent yield (PEY) was computed by converting yield of intercrops on the basis of prevailing market price of individual crop following the formula of Bandyopadhyay (1984). Benefit-cost analysis was also done. The data of yield and yield attributes of the experiment for two consecutive years showed similar trend. So, the collected data were pooled and means were adjudged by LSD test at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 447-453, September 2013 ISSN 0258-7122

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Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that fertilizer dose of 255-55-140-40-6-2 kg/ha NPKSZnB along with its split application (¼ N & ½ of PKSZnB (basal in potato rows) + ½ of PKSZnB (basal for maize) + ¼ N top dressed at 30 DAP of potato + ¼ N top dressed at 60 DAP of potato to maize rows only + ¼ N top dressed after potato harvest) might be economically profitable for potato hybrid maize intercropping system.

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