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Panikachu (calocasis Esculenta L. Schott) Cultivation in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh: an Agro-economic Profile

M. A. HAQUE
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI

M. A. MONAYEM MIAH
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI

S. HOSSAIN
Department of Economics, Lalmatia Mohilla University College, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Panikachu is a nutritious vegetable contributing to the total supply of vegetables during the summer in Bangladesh. Many farmers cultivate this crop from their innovative ideas. Researchers are unable to formulate adequate research design for its varietal improvement and technology packages. Therefore, the study was conducted in two panikachu growing districts, namely Joypurhat and Jessore during February 2011 to know the profitability of panikachu cultivation. In total, 100 panikachu farmers were selected of which 50 farmers from each area were selected randomly to collect primary data. The results indicated that the costs of panikachu cultivation were Tk. 2,67,726 and Tk. 1,84,530 per hectare on total cost and variable cost basis, respectively. The major share of total cost was for human labour (45%), land use (17%), and fertilizer (15%). The yield for rhizome and stolon were 24.94 tons and 23.29 tons per hectare. The gross margin and net returns were Tk. 2,06,058 and Tk. 1,22,862 per hectare. The benefit cost ratios was 1.46. Human labour, manure, urea, TSP, MoP, insecticides, and irrigation had positive effect on the yield of panikachu. Lack of technical knowledge about improved cultivation practices, non-availability of HYV seedling, and low price of product were major constraints to panikachu cultivation

Keywords: Panikachu, Input use pattern, Gross margin, Net return, BCR.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Aroids

Objectives:

(i) To know the existing agronomic practices of panikachu cultivation at farm level; (ii) To estimate the economic profitability of panikachu cultivation; (iii) To determine the input - output relationship of panikachu cultivation; and (iv) To find out the constraints to its higher production.

Methodology:

Sampling technique: A multi-stage sampling technique was followed in this study to select study areas and sample farmers. In first stage of sampling, two panikachu growing districts Joypurhat and Jessore were selected purposively. In the second stage, Pachbibi upazila under Joypurhat District and Bagarpara upazila under Jessore District were selected for sample survey. In the third stage, a complete list of panikachu growers were collected from each upazila and finally a total of 100 panikachu farmers taking 50 farmers from each upazila were selected by random sampling technique. Method of data collection: Data for the present study were collected from sample panikachu farmers through face to face interview method using a pretested interview schedule. Field level data were colleted by the researcher with the help of trained enumerators for the period of February 2011. Analytical techniques: Both fixed cost and variable cost were taken into account in calculating cost of panikachu cultivation. Land use cost was calculated on the basis of per year existing lease value of land. The profitability of panikachu cultivation was examined on the basis of gross margin, net return, and benefit cost analysis. The collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated, and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Tabular method using descriptive statistics was mostly used in the study. Cobb-Douglas production function model was used to estimate the contribution of factors to panikachu cultivation. The functional form of the Cobb-Douglas production function model is given below: Y = AX1 b1X2 b2 ------------------------- Xn bne ui The production function was converted to logarithmic form so that it could be solved by least square method i.e. lnY= lna + b1lnX1 + b2lnX2 +……………………… bnlnXn + Ui The empirical production function model was the following: lnY = a + b1lnX1 + b2lnX2 + b3 lnX3 + b4lnX4 + b5lnX5 + b6lnX6 + b7lnX7 +b8 lnX8 + Ui Where, Y= Gross return (Tk/ha) X1 = Cost of human labour (Tk/ha) X2 = Cost of sucker (Tk/ha) X3 = Cost of manure (Tk/ha) X4 = Cost of urea (Tk/ha) X5 = Cost of TSP (Tk/ha) X6 = Cost of MoP (Tk/ha) X7 = Irrigation cost (Tk/ha) X8 = Cost of insecticides (Tk/ha) a = Intercept b1, b2 ------------------ b9 = Coefficients of the respective variables to be estimated. Ui = Error term

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 505-513, September 2013, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussions, it may be concluded that panikachu is a profitable crop at farm level. The farmers in the study areas followed traditional but innovative techniques for producing this crop and used local improved variety. Human labour, manure, urea, TSP, MoP, irrigation, and insecticides had positive effect on the yield of panikachu in the study areas. Lack of technical knowledge about improved cultivation practices of panikachu, non-availability of HYV seedling, low price of product, and infestation of insects and diseases were major constraints in panikachu cultivation.

Knowledge Management: Journal