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Fertilizer Management for Wheat Crop in the Himalayan Piedmont Soil

A. T. M. SAKHAWAT HOSSAIN1

, 1F. RAHMAN2 G. M. PANAULLAH3 AND M. A. SALEQUE4 1-4Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the farmers’ fields in the Himalayan Piedmont soil to evaluate the soil test based (STB) fertilizer dose on wheat crop practicing in the rice – wheat cropping sequence during the Rabi season 2002-2003. Three fertilizer treatments: (i) no fertilizer (control), (ii) local farmers’ fertilizer management practice (FP) and (iii) soil test based fertilizer dose (STB) were tested in 10 farmers’ fields. The soils of the test fields were acidic and light textured. Results showed that the control plot produced a mean yield of 1.54 t/ha, which increased to 3.96 t/ha with FP and 4.98 t/ha with STB fertilizer dose. The STB fertilizer dose also increased the nitrogen, P, K and S uptake by wheat. Wheat yield showed a strong linear relationship with N, P, K, and S uptake. Partial factor productivity (PFP) of fertilizer (sum of N, P, K and S) was 25.2 kg/kg in FP and that in STB was 24.6 kg/kg. Slightly lower PFP in STB than that of FP may be attributed to the higher dose of N and K in the former. However, the significant yield increase in STB compared with FP encouraged farmers to practice STB fertilizer application for wheat cultivation.

Keywords: Soil test based fertilizer dose, wheat crop, Himalayan Piedmont soil.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area:

Commodity:

Objectives:

The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the soil test based fertilizer application method on wheat under farmers’ field conditions and to introduce this method among the farmers.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in Rabi season of 2002-2003 at ten farmers’ fields of different villages under Birganj Upazilla of Dinajpur district, Bangladesh (Table 1). The soil of the experimental field is sandy loam in texture. The soils of the test fields were acidic (pH 4.25 – 4.83), low in organic carbon (0.5 –1.06 %), total N 0.04 – 0.09 %, available P 8 – 20 mg/kg, exchangeable K 0.08 – 0.15 cmol/kg, available S 14 – 34 mg/kg and Zn 2.3 – 4.1 mg/kg (Table 1). Farmers’ fertilizer dose for wheat was 80 kg N, 19 kg P, 43 kg K and 15 kg S/ha, respectively. The STB fertilizer dose consisted of 113 – 139 kg N, 7 – 27 kg P, 46 – 81 kg K and 0 – 8 kg S and 0 kg Zn/ha, respectively, depending upon the soil test results (Table 2). Three treatments were tested: (i) No fertilizer (control), (ii) farmers' fertilization practices (FP) and (iii) soil test based chemical fertilizer (STB). There was no replication within the sites. Wheat was line sown at 15 cm apart from line to line in the 1st week of December 2002. The seed rate was 140 kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in RCB design with 10 replications (considering 10 farmers as replications). The test-cropping pattern was Wheat (Variety- Shotabdi) – Fallow – T. Aman rice (Wet season). Appropriate cultural and management practices including plant protection measures were followed. At maturity straw yields of wheat was recorded from 1 m2 area and the grain yield was recorded from 5 m2 area at the centre of each plot and adjusted at 14% moisture content. Initial soil and plant samples were analyzed using standard analytical procedures (Black, 1965; Jackson, 1962; Page et al., 1982 and Yoshida et al, 1972). The obtained data were statistically analyzed using IRRISTAT version 4.1 (IRRI, 1998).

Source of Information: ISSN 0258-7122 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 241-246, June 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Soil test based fertilizer application increased wheat yield by 25.7% compared to farmers’ conventional fertilizer management. The STB fertilizer dose may be applicable to the neighbouring farmers whose farm soils are of similar characteristics.

Knowledge Management: Journal