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Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (cnd) of Onion (allium Cepa L.)

M. N. YOUSUF
Scientific Officer
Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

S. AKTER
Principal Scientific Officer
Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

M. I. HAQUE
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

N. MOHAMMAD
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Statistics and Information & Communication Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M.S. ZAMAN
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nutritional constraints often restrict yields of crops in farmers’ fields. Plant nutrient status is currently diagnosed using empirically derived nutrient norms from arbitrarily defined high and low yielding subpopulations above a quantitative yield target. Generic models can assist Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND) in providing a yield cutoff value between high-and low yielding subpopulations for small databases. The objectives of the present study were to determine minimum bulb yield target of high yielding subpopulations in farmers’ fields and to know nutritional difference between high and low yielding subpopulations. Data were collected at random using a survey database of 42 observations from nine districts of northern region of Bangladesh where high yielding varieties of onion (cv. BARI Piaz-1) are being extensively cultivated. Nutrient composition was determined form leaf at 45-50 days after transplanting. Mean, median, minimum, maximum, standard deviations, skewness of yield as well as nutrient concentration for N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, and B were determined and a R (undetermined elements), which comprises all nutrients not chemically analyzed and quantified in onion. Row centered log ratio and cumulative variance ratio function of each nutrient was calculated. The CND generic model gave 10.61 t/ha as minimum cutoff yield of the high-yield subpopulation. Boron was identified as the core yield limiting nutrient for onion in piedmont plain, floodplain and basin soils of Bangladesh. However, S, N, P, and Zn also play a significant role for increasing bulb yield of onion. Onion in farmers’ fields of northern region of Bangladesh may require higher B fertilizer dose for better bulb yield. From the studied piedmont plain, floodplain and basin soils of Bangladesh, the yield limiting nutrients were established the following series: B>S>N>P>Zn>Fe>Ca>K>Mg.

Keywords: Nutritional constraints, Nutrient diagnosis, CND, Onion.

Location: Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

The objectives of the present study were

To compute the preliminary CND norms for onion grown on the farmers’ field of the northern region of Bangladesh; and
To identify significant nutrient interactions through principal component analyses taking into account of the CND indexes.

Methodology:

Onion (BARI Piaz-1), the winter season crop was grown on 42 farmers' fields in nine districts, namely Bogra, Pabna, Natore, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Gibandha, Nilphamari, Lalmonirhat and Dinajpur of northern part of Bangladesh. Farmers’ nutrient-management practice (FP), which is farmer’s traditional nutrient management programme was tested (Saleque et al., 2008). The nutrient doses in FP varied from place to place. For FP, doses of N, P, and K varied from 50 to 170, 10 to 35, and 25 to 60 kg/ha, respectively. At 45-50 days after sowing (DAS), the green portion or leaf was sampled from each plot for determining nutrient concentration. The leaf sample was dried at 69⁰C for 72 hr and grinned by Wiley mill. The ground sample was digested with concentrated H₂SO₄ and total N concentration was determined by micro Kjeldahl distillation (Yoshida et al., 1976). The concentration of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and B was analyzed by digesting a 0.5 g leaf sample with 10 ml 5:2 HNO₃: HClO₄ (Yoshida et al., 1976). Leaf nutrients concentration was analyzed and nutrient ratios were calculated. Descriptive statistics were determined for leaf nutrient concentration and nutrient ratio expression data. Statistical parameters were evaluated using Excel software and included, means, variances, CVs and skewness values, where a skewness value of zero indicates perfect symmetry and values greater than 1.0 indicate asymmetry. Following CND equations (1-10) as described in theory (page 3-5) the required parameters were calculated. All computations were made using Excel software (Microsoft, 2007).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 271 -287, June 2013, ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Generic approach to select a minimum yield target for the high yield subpopulation was found effective for a small database of onion. B, S, N, P and Zn inadequacy was the major limiting nutrient factor for onion bulb production. B, S, N, P, and Zn nutrient dose for onion should be increased to improve bulb yield of onion in northern region of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal