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Genetic Diversity in Exotic Maize (zea Mays L.) Hybrids

M. A. ZAMAN
Scientific Officer
RWRC, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

M. A. ALAM
Scientific Officer
RARS, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment in alpha lattice design with three replication including 39 exotic maize hybrids was conducted at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna during Rabi season 2010-11 for analysis the genetic divergence in exotic maize hybrids. The genotypes were grouped in to seven clusters. Cluster VI comprised the maximum genotypes (13) indicating overall genetic similarity among them. The minimum genotype (1) was contained in the cluster III and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster V and III followed by cluster I and III and cluster III and VII suggesting wide diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used in hybridization program for obtaining a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster VII and the cluster III and V were contained only one genotype and hence, their intra cluster distance was zero. The mean values of cluster IV recorded the highest yield per hectare (11.60 ton/ha) with medium plant height, days to maturity, days to 50% tasseling, silking and shelling percentage. Selection on the basis of plant aspect and ear aspect the genotypes of cluster III ranked first but plant height was high with medium seed size, medium yield, medium shelling percentage and also in late in case of maturity. The mean values of cluster V shown overall medium in case of yield and all yield contributing characters. Qualitative characters contribute maximum towards genetic divergence. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster III, V and VI could be utilized as source materials for getting desirable new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield.

Keywords: Genetic divergence, Cluster analysis, D2 analysis, Maize (Zea mays L.).

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Ishuardi, Pabna

Start Date: 22-12-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

A number of advanced maize hybrids from CIMMYT need assessment of variation among them for evaluation of their potentiality. The multivariate approaches of analysis of variation among the lines were done under the present investigation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the RARS, Ishurdi, Pabna during rabi 2010-11. Thirty seven exotic hybrids along with two local check as BARI Hybrid Maize 5 and 9 were included in the study. Seeds of the thirty nine hybrids were sown on 22 December 2010 in an alpha lattice design with three replications. Unit plot size was 5m x 1.5m maintaining a spacing of 70cm x 20cm. One plant was kept per hill after thinning. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 250, 120, 120, 40, and 5 kg/ha of N, P₂O₅, K₂0, S, and Zn, respectively. The other intercultural operations were done to raise the crop uniformly. Data on plant and ear height, thousand grain weight, shelling percentage and field weight were recorded on 10 randomly selected competitive plants for each treatment in each replication except for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking and maturity, plant and ear aspect, thousand grain weight and yield per hectare, which were recorded on the plot basis. Two qualitative data on plant and ear aspect were calculated to observe the over all performance of Plant and Ear of the respective hybrid under field condition followed by 1-5 scale, 1 for best 2 for good 3 for moderately good 4 for bad and 5 for very bed. The mean of the 10 plants were subjected to statistical analysis. Data were subjected to analysis of Mahalanobis’ D² -statistics. Intra-cluster and inter-cluster distance, cluster mean and contribution of each trait to the divergence were estimated as suggested by Singh, R. K. and Chaudhary, B. D. (1985).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 335-341, June 2013 ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

results indicated that qualitative characters (plant aspect and ear aspect) contributed maximum towards total divergence of the hybrids and it was also suggested that attention should be given for these five quantitative characters and two qualitative characters (plant height and ear height) for yield improvement of maize.

Knowledge Management: Journal