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Bacterial Load in Twelve Freshwater Fishes of Four Feeding Habits in Bangladesh

M. SHAMSUR RAHMAN
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka‐1000, Bangladesh.

MAHMUD HASAN
Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka‐1000, Bangladesh.

ZAHID HAYAT MAHMUD
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B),Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. SIRAJUL ISLAM
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B),Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Homogenized samples of skin, gill and gut of twelve freshwater fishes of four feeding habits were used for bacteriological test. Total bacterial count (TBC), total coliform (TC), faecal coliform (FC), faecal streptococci (FS) and total Vibrio?like colonies were enumerated using serial dilution and spread plate techniques. Variation of bacterial loads among the fishes of various feeding habits was insignificant. The TBC, TC, FC, FS and total Vibrio counts ranged from 1.72 ± 0.68 × 108 to 7.00 ± 3.39 × 108, 2.49 ± 1.72 × 106 to 6.55 ± 3.00 × 106, 1.58 ± 1.29 × 106 to 2.76 ± 1.42 × 106, 4.83 ± 2.09 × 104 to 1.19 ± 0.46 × 105 and 2.06 ± 0.67 × 103 to 3.68 ± 2.02 × 105, respectively among various feeding groups. However, gill and gut had significantly higher density of TBC, TC and FC than that of the skin. High counts of indicator organisms indicate that market fishes of all varieties could be the potential reservoirs in transmission of pathogenic bacteria responsible for diarrhoeal disease.

Keywords: Bacterial load, Freshwater fishes, Feeding habit

Location: Anand Bazar, Shoarighat and Mohakhali bazar fish markets of Dhaka city

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

1. The aim of the present study is to determine the bacterial load in different organs of fishes of different feeding habits to understand the microbiological status of the aquatic environment.

Methodology:

Twelve fishes of four feeding habits viz., herbivores, carnivores, detrivores and omnivores were examined each with three replicates. The fishes were identified and grouped. The samples were collected from Anand Bazar, Shoarighat and Mohakhali bazar fish markets of Dhaka city. The samples were transported to the laboratory using sterilized polythene bags in icebox (< 5°C) within two hours of sampling in the morning and processed within 2 ? 4 hr of collection following aseptic techniques. First, the samples were washed with sterile phosphate buffer saline (PBS) to remove sand, detritus as well as microorganisms attached to the surface of fish. After washing the skin, gill and gut were separated aseptically. The fish parts were separately homogenized with sterile PBS solution using homogenizer and were then used for bacteriological analysis. Spread plate method was used to enumerate the total bacteria using dehydrated nutrient agar (Oxoid, USA) medium. For the enumeration of total and fecal coliform, 100 μl sample was serially diluted and spreaded on the mFC plate. Incubation was carried out for 24 hr at 37°C for total coliform and at 44 to 44.5°C for fecal coliform. Fecal Streptococci (FS) were enumerated on KFSA plate, which was incubated at 37°C for 48 hr. After 48 hr incubation pink colonies were selected for counting of FS. Total Vibrio?like colonies was counted on TCBS plate. Colonies of yellow and green color after 18 ? 24 hr of incubation were counted as Vibrio?like organism.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 19(2): 145‐150, 2010 (July)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The abundance of indicator bacteria as well as high bacterial load in the fish samples of different feeding habits indicates a possibility of future outbreak of pathogenic diseases through ingestion of contaminated fish including chances of cross contamination via kitchen utensils or by handling. The presence of high bacterial load in the fish samples may indicate fecally contaminated water sources and also poor hygienic practices by fisherman. Hence, the data might be of help in assessing human health risk due to consumption of freshwater fishes of different feeding habits. Indeed, care should be taken for long?term monitoring programme for potentially pathogenic bacteria in freshwater fishes.

Knowledge Management: Journal