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Dimethyl Disulfide- a Potential Biopesticide Against Root-knot Nematode of Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum L.)

M. I. FARUK
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute.

M. L. RAHMAN
Principal Scientific Officer
Training & Communication Wing, BARI.

M. M. H. MUSTAFA
Deputy Director
Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB), Dhaka, Bangladesh,

IR. J. C OOSEMANS
Professor
Lab. of Fytopathologie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), the natural biopesticide extracted from Allium spp., was evaluated against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in greenhouse pot culture. All concentrations of DMDS viz. 30 ml, 60 ml, and 80 ml and Aldicarb @ 2g per square meter of soil were effective against root-knot disease under both wet and dry conditions of soil. Nematode incidence was reduced drastically by higher dose of DMDS and Aldicarb @ 2g but did not accelerate vegetative growth of tomato plant especially when tomato seedlings were transplanted immediately after soil treatment. Low concentration of DMDS (30 ml per square meter of soil) was found appropriate for controlling root-knot nematode of tomato, accelerating saprophytic nematode population in soil and also enhancing vegetative growth of tomato plant under dry condition of soil.

Keywords: Dimethyl disulfide, Aldicarb, Meloidogyne incognita,Tomato, Examine

Location: Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato, Nematocide

Objectives:

To examine the effectiveness of DMDS against root knot nematode of tomato.

Methodology:

Three experiments, two in wet soil and one in dry soil conditions, were carried out in the greenhouse of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium to evaluate the efficacy of Dimethyl Disulfide (DMDS) against root knot nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita) of tomato. Root knot nematode culturing pot soil and infected tomato roots were used as source of inoculum. The tomato seedlings were raised by planting the tomato seeds cv. TREND in the tray with peat-soil medium. Irrigation was done once a day to grow the tomato seedlings. Three treatments with 3 doses of DMDS and one with Aldicarb were evaluated. The nematicide Aldicarb was used as standard for comparing the effectiveness of the test biopesticide DMDS against root-knot nematode. The nematode culturing pot soil with infected tomato roots was taken in a tray and kept in the greenhouse at 23± 2°C for drying. After one week the dry soil was mixed with the field soil at the rate of 50% of each. The mixed soil was treated with DMDS at the concentration of 3, 6, and 8 ml per 10 liter of soils (30 ml, 60ml and 80 ml per square meter of soil). Ten liter of soil was taken in each container and the required amount of DMDS with 20 ml of water was added to the soil. The DMDS was properly mixed with the soil by shaking the containers and kept closed for one week. After on e week the container was opened and the soil was poured into the plastic pots. The nematicide Aldicarb (2 g/10 liter of soil) was used with mixed soil at the time of seedling transplanting. Pots for control treatment contained only mixed soil. Twenty five days old tomato (cv. TREND) seedlings were transplanted into the pots and each pot received one seedling. The experiment was laid out in a CRD design with 8 replications. The pots were placed on a greenhouse bench at 23 ± 2° C. Wet soil was prepared for setting up experiment to find out the effect of DMDS on root knot nematode and growth of tomato plant. The nematode culturing pots with tomato plant were taken and the plants were removed. The pot soil with nematode infected roots was mixed with field soil at the rate of 50% of each. The mixed soil was treated with DMDS at the concentration of 3, 6, and 8 ml per liter of soil as described previously. The soil was spread thinly on the tissue and the water was added to plastic tray so that the materials were just submerged in the tissue. The trays were kept for 24 hours to allow the nematodes for coming down into the water. After 24 hours the plastic mesh with soil was removed gently and the nematode suspension was transferred to a beaker. The beaker was kept undisturbed for one hour to settle down the nematodes. After one hour the nematode suspension in the beaker was made 100 ml to pour out supernatant. This 100 ml suspension was used for counting the nematode population. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistical Package. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Duncan’s multiple range tests was used for comparison of means of data parameters.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 685-695, ISSN 0258-7122, December 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Low concentration of DMDS (30 ml per square meter of soil) was found appropriate for controlling root-knot nematode of tomato, accelerating saprophytic nematode population in soil and also enhancing vegetative growth of tomato plant under dry condition of soil.

Knowledge Management: Journal