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Delineation of Areas Having Water Shortage During Boro Rice Cultivation in Northwest Bangladesh-pabna Region-2014

Dr. M. A. Rashid,
CSO and Head
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Dr. Shahana Parveen
SSO
Irrigation and Water Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A survey has been conducted to identify the water level status and agricultural pattern in Pabna, the Northern region of Bangladesh, to estimate duration of water shortage, and to assess the possibility of shifting Boro to Braus/Aus. It has been done in Chatmohor Upozila in Pabna district. Information was collected from ten STWs in Upozila to identify STW areas which face water scarcity during Boro season. Surveyed upazilla of Pabna district was irrigated by STW upto 2008. After 2008, groundwater level declining gradually and STWs were out of order. These STWs were now deep set and very deep set up to 5 to 12 feet below the ground surface. Shallow tubewells (STW) were working well upto 2008, but has been facing lowering of water table problem since 2009. To overcome the withdrawal problem, a pit was dug up to 5 ft below the soil surface in 2010. In 2014, during peak period the water level was 30-35 ft below the soil surface. So, STW failed to lift water unless it is dug upto 6-12 ft below the soil surface. The failure of STW starts since last week of February upto mid June. Boro rice production is decreasing day by day. In 2008-09, about 13460 ha area was covered by Boro rice. In 2012-13 it was 9400 ha and in 2013-14, 9100 ha area is cultivated. Around 500 ha boro rice area has been converted into non-rice crop area such as wheat, maize, grasspea, onion, garlic etc. In 2008-9, transplanted Aus covered around 50-60 ha area. Due to decrease of Boro area, the targeted Aus area is 400-500 ha in 2014. The existing cropping pattern is Aus-T. Aman-onion/garlic/wheat. But earlier, it was Aus-T. Aman-Boro. Due to shortage of water, Boro area was changed to non-rice crop area. Now-a-days, Aus is also suffering from water shortage. Upto 1st week May, farmers were not able to prepare land for transplanting Aus rice due to lack of water. Seedlings were over aged and yellowish due to shortage of water. Farmers were trying to get water from pond but the pond is also dry. In Aus, farmers cultivated local variety like Hasi kolmi, Sona mukhi, Khejur jhupi etc and High yielding rice like BRRI dhan48. BR22, BINA 7 and BRRI dhan29 were cultivated in T. Aman season. Non-rice crop like onion, garlic, wheat, maize grasspea were cultivated by taking HYV varieties.Maximum STWs were now shifted to submergible pump.

Keywords: Water scarcity, Groundwater level, STW

Location: Chatmohor upazila of Pabna district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To identify STW areas which face water scarcity during Boro season
To estimate duration of water shortage
To assess the possibility of shifting Boro to Braus/Aus

Methodology:

A survey has been conducted to identify the water level status and agricultural pattern in Pabna, the Northern region of Bangladesh. A pre-structured questionnaire was prepared for survey work. It has been done in Chatmohor Upozila of Pabna district. Information was collected from interviewing ten STW owners of Upozila. It has been done in Chatmohor Upozila in Pabna district. Information was collected from ten STWs in Upozila to identify STW areas which face water scarcity during Boro season. Surveyed upazilla of Pabna district was irrigated by STW upto 2008. After 2008, groundwater level declining gradually and STWs were out of order. These STWs were now deep set and very deep set up to 5 to 12 feet below the ground surface. Shallow tubewells (STW) were working well upto 2008, but has been facing lowering of water table problem since 2009. To overcome the withdrawal problem, a pit was dug up to 5 ft below the soil surface in 2010.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Review for 2014, BRRI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Shallow tubewells (STW) were working well upto 2008, but has been facing lowering of water table problem since 2009. To overcome the withdrawal problem, a pit was dug up to 5 ft below the soil surface in 2010. In 2014, during peak period the water level was 30-35 ft below the soil surface. So, STW failed to lift water unless it is dug upto 6-12 ft below the soil surface. Boro rice production is decreasing day by day. Around 500 ha boro rice area has been converted into non-rice crop area such as wheat, maize, grasspea, onion, garlic etc. In 2008-9, transplanted Aus covered around 50-60 ha area. Due to decrease of Boro area, the targeted Aus area is 400-500 ha in 2014. The existing cropping pattern is Aus-T. Aman-onion/garlic/wheat. But earlier, it was Aus-T. Aman-Boro.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings