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Egg Quality Traits of Indigenous, Exotic and Crossbred Chickens (gallus Domesticus L.) in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M. Saiful Islam*
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Ripon Kumar Dutta
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was aimed at investigating the external and internal egg quality traits along with their correlation values of an indigenous (Deshi), three exotics (Cobb 500 of Broiler, Fayoumi, and RIR) and a crossbred (Sonali derived from RIR?× Fayoumi?) chicken breeds available in Rajshahi. From a total of 50 eggs (5 breeds × 10 replicates each), the external quality traits such as gross egg weight (EW), egg length (L), egg width (W), egg volume (EV), shell weight (SW), shell ratio (SR) and egg shape index (ESI), and the internal quality traits like yolk weight (YW), albumen weight (AW), yolk ratio (YR) and albumin ratio (AR) were determined. Results showed that highly significant differences exist for both external and internal egg quality traits between the genetic groups of chicken (P<0.001). Even though RIR showed the highest EW and EV and Fayoumi had the lowest for both traits, AR was in the sequence of Cobb 500 > RIR> Indigenous> Fayoumi> Sonali. Phenotypic correlations among the egg quality traits revealed that EV was not significantly correlated with EW except for Sonali (P<0.001). The association between EW and ESI was negative in all the chickens except Sonali. However, EW was significantly correlated with the AW in RIR (P<0.001), Cobb 500 (P<0.01) and Sonali (P<0.01). Moreover, the EW was significantly correlated with YW only in Fayoumi and RIR (P<0.05). In view of the cholesterol, fat and antioxidant contents of the hen’s egg, a higher AR is healthier than a higher YR. The present findings therefore suggest that Cobb 500, RIR and Indigenous eggs are healthier than Fayoumi and Sonali eggs that contain higher YR.

Keywords: Egg quality traits, Phenotypic correlation, Indigenous, Exotic and crossbred chickens

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

The present study was analyze genotype and statistical measures of some vital external and internal egg quality traits of the Indigenous (Deshi), exotic and crossbred chickens and report the advantages of the most suitable hen’s eggs that are available in and around Rajshahi.

Methodology:

Collection of the eggs: A total of 50 fresh eggs (5 breeds × 10 replicates each) were collected from an Indigenous (non-descriptive, Deshi), three exotics (Cobb 500, Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red) and a crossbred (Sonali = RIR? × Fayoumi?) breeder hens. Indigenous hens were reared on scavenging system at a domestic house while Cobb 500, Fayoumi, RIR and Sonali hens were raised on deep litter system at private owned Ali, Aljami, Taki and United poultry farms, respectively situated in Rajshahi City Corporation areas. However, stocking density of different breeds at the farms were 500, 5500, 16000 and 6000 respectively. External and internal egg quality traits: For this study seven external egg quality traits viz. gross egg weight (EW) in g, egg length (L) in cm, egg width (W) in cm, egg volume (EV) in cm3 , shell weight (SW) in g, shell ratio (SR) in %, and egg shape index (ESI) in %, and four internal egg quality traits viz. yolk weight (YW) in g, albumin weight (AW) in g, yolk ratio (YR) in % and albumen ratio (AR) in % were taken into account. The eggs were numbered first and then weighed on an electronic balance to determine their weights. Subsequently, L and W of the eggs were measured by slide calipers and the EV was determined using the formula, EV = π × L × W2 / 6 (cm3 ). Each egg was broken on a table and its contents poured into a plate. Then the yolk was separated from the albumen with the help of a spoon and weighed while the AW was calculated by subtracting YW and SW from the gross EW [i.e. AW = EW- (YW + SW)]. On the basis of the above measurements, the remaining egg quality traits were obtained using the following formulae (Olawumi and Ogunlade 2008): Shell ratio, SR (%) = SW/EW × 100; egg shape index, ESI (%) = W/L × 100; yolk ratio, YR (%) = YW/EW × 100; and albumen ratio, AR (%) = AW/EW × 100. Moreover, the phenotypic associations between the relevant external and internal egg quality traits were determined by Karl Pearson’s product moment co-efficient of correlation (r). Statistical analyses: Mean, standard deviation (SD), analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant differences (LSD) and co-efficient of correlation values (r) were computed using the SPSS (version 11.0 for Windows). Data on various external and internal egg quality traits were subjected to these statistical procedures to detect the significance of difference between the genetic groups of chicken under study.

Source of Information: J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 5: 63-67, 2010, ISSN 1990-4827

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

External and internal egg quality traits indigenous (Deshi), Cobb 500 breed of Broiler, Fayoumi, RIR Sonali chicken breeds available in Rajshahi were studied. Results suggest that Cobb 500, RIR and Deshi eggs are healthier than Fayoumi and Sonali eggs that contain higher yolk ratio.

Knowledge Management: Journal